The Dilemma of Inadvertent Pontine Demyelinosis: A Review of Literature

doi:10.7759/cureus.3174

Review

. 2018 Aug 21;10(8):e3174.

doi: 10.7759/cureus.3174.

The Dilemma of Inadvertent Pontine Demyelinosis: A Review of Literature

Abu Baker Sheikh¹, Rao M Afzal², Shazib Sagheer³, Marvi M Bukhari², Anam Javed⁴, Adeel Nasrullah⁵, Usman Tariq⁶, Fahad Athar⁷, Muhammad Sabih Saleem⁸

Affiliations

¹ Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA.
² Internal Medicine, Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, PAK.
³ Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque, USA.
⁴ Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, PAK.
⁵ Internal Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, USA.
⁶ Research Assistant, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
⁷ Other, Albert Einstein Medical Center , Philadelphia, USA.
⁸ Medicine, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, PAK.

PMID: 30357070
PMCID: PMC6197531
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3174

Review

The Dilemma of Inadvertent Pontine Demyelinosis: A Review of Literature

Abu Baker Sheikh et al. Cureus. 2018.

. 2018 Aug 21;10(8):e3174.

doi: 10.7759/cureus.3174.

Authors

Abu Baker Sheikh¹, Rao M Afzal², Shazib Sagheer³, Marvi M Bukhari², Anam Javed⁴, Adeel Nasrullah⁵, Usman Tariq⁶, Fahad Athar⁷, Muhammad Sabih Saleem⁸

Affiliations

¹ Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA.
² Internal Medicine, Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, PAK.
³ Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque, USA.
⁴ Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, PAK.
⁵ Internal Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, USA.
⁶ Research Assistant, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
⁷ Other, Albert Einstein Medical Center , Philadelphia, USA.
⁸ Medicine, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, PAK.

PMID: 30357070
PMCID: PMC6197531
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3174

Abstract

Osmotic demyelination syndrome is classically associated with a swift adjustment of previously low serum sodium levels which lead to cellular dehydration and subsequent neurological insult. We also review the epidemiology, different postulations to explain the underlying pathophysiology, current diagnostic modalities, subsequent therapeutic interventions used to manage this phenomenon, and the resultant prognosis of this ailment.

Keywords: osmotic demyelination syndrome; sodium correction.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Cited by

Normal Correction of Sodium Leading to Central Pontine Demyelinosis: A Rare Occurrence.
Siddiqui FS, Javed Z, Mahmood U, Saeed I, Qasim YF, Saeed MSB. Siddiqui FS, et al. Cureus. 2018 Sep 4;10(9):e3252. doi: 10.7759/cureus.3252. Cureus. 2018. PMID: 30416903 Free PMC article.

References

1. Central pontine myelinolysis: historical and mechanistic considerations. Norenberg MD. Metab Brain Dis. 2010;25:97–106. - PubMed
1. Treatment of hyponatremia. Sterns RH, Hix JK, Silver S. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2010;19:493–498. - PubMed
1. The brain in hyponatremia: both culprit and victim. Mount DB. Semin Nephrol. 2009;29:196–215. - PubMed
1. Astrocytes are an early target in osmotic demyelination syndrome. Gankam Kengne F, Nicaise C, Soupart A, et al. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;22:1834–1845. - PMC - PubMed
1. Central pontine myelinolysis: case series and review. Musana AK, Yale SH. http://www.wisconsinmedicalsociety.org/_WMS/publications/wmj/pdf/104/6/5... WMJ. 2005;104:56–60. - PubMed

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[1] Central pontine myelinolysis: historical and mechanistic considerations. Norenberg MD. Metab Brain Dis. 2010;25:97–106. - PubMed

[2] Central pontine myelinolysis: historical and mechanistic considerations. Norenberg MD. Metab Brain Dis. 2010;25:97–106. - PubMed

[3] Treatment of hyponatremia. Sterns RH, Hix JK, Silver S. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2010;19:493–498. - PubMed

[4] Treatment of hyponatremia. Sterns RH, Hix JK, Silver S. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2010;19:493–498. - PubMed

[5] The brain in hyponatremia: both culprit and victim. Mount DB. Semin Nephrol. 2009;29:196–215. - PubMed

[6] The brain in hyponatremia: both culprit and victim. Mount DB. Semin Nephrol. 2009;29:196–215. - PubMed

[7] Astrocytes are an early target in osmotic demyelination syndrome. Gankam Kengne F, Nicaise C, Soupart A, et al. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;22:1834–1845. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Astrocytes are an early target in osmotic demyelination syndrome. Gankam Kengne F, Nicaise C, Soupart A, et al. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;22:1834–1845. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Central pontine myelinolysis: case series and review. Musana AK, Yale SH. http://www.wisconsinmedicalsociety.org/_WMS/publications/wmj/pdf/104/6/5... WMJ. 2005;104:56–60. - PubMed

[10] Central pontine myelinolysis: case series and review. Musana AK, Yale SH. http://www.wisconsinmedicalsociety.org/_WMS/publications/wmj/pdf/104/6/5... WMJ. 2005;104:56–60. - PubMed

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The Dilemma of Inadvertent Pontine Demyelinosis: A Review of Literature

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The Dilemma of Inadvertent Pontine Demyelinosis: A Review of Literature

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