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. 2018 Oct 14;8(4):108-113.
doi: 10.5498/wjp.v8.i4.108.

Role of rumination in the relationship between metacognition and shyness

Sara Palmieri  1 , Giovanni Mansueto  1 , Simona Scaini  2 , Francesca Fiore  1 , Sandra Sassaroli  1 , Giovanni M Ruggiero  3 , Rosita Borlimi  3 , Bernardo J Carducci  4
Affiliations

Role of rumination in the relationship between metacognition and shyness

Sara Palmieri et al. World J Psychiatry. .

Abstract

Aim: To explore the association between metacognitive beliefs, rumination and shyness in a non-clinical sample of adults.

Methods: One hundred and three healthy subjects from the general population were enrolled in the study. Shyness was evaluated using the Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale, rumination was assessed using the Ruminative Response Scale, metacognition was evaluated using the Meta-Cognitions Questionnaire 30, and anxiety levels were measured using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory form Y. Correlation analyses, mediation models and 95% bias-corrected and accelerated (BCaCI) bootstrapped analyses were performed. Mediation analyses were adjusted for sex and anxiety.

Results: Shyness, rumination and metacognition were significantly correlated (P < 0.05). The relationship between metacognition and shyness was fully mediated by rumination (Indirect effect: 0.20; 95% BCaCI: 0.08-0.33).

Conclusion: These findings suggest an association between metacognition and shyness. Rumination mediated the relationship between metacognition and shyness, suggesting that rumination could be a cognitive strategy for shy people. Future research should explore the relationship between these constructs in more depth.

Keywords: Metacognitive beliefs; Post-event; Rumination; Shyness; Social anxiety.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors of this study have no conflict of interests to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mediating role of rumination in the association between metacognition and shyness (controlled for sex and anxiety).
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