Chromatin Diminution in Cyclops kolensis Lill. (Copepoda, Crustacea) as a Radical Way to Inactivate Redundant Genome in Somatic Cells

Abstract

Chromatin diminution (CD) is a phenomenon of programmed DNA elimination which takes place in early embryogenesis in some eukaryotes. The mechanism and biological role of CD remain largely unknown. During CD in the freshwater copepod Cyclops kolensis, the genome of cells of the somatic lineage is reorganized and reduced in size by more than 90% without affecting the genome of germline cells. Although the diploid chromosome number is unchanged, chromosome size is dramatically reduced by CD. The eliminated DNA consists primarily of repetitive sequences and localizes within granules during the elimination process. In this review, we provide an overview of CD in C. kolensis including both cytological and molecular studies.

Keywords: Chromatin diminution; Cyclops kolensis; Granules with eliminated chromatin; Programmed DNA elimination; Redundant DNA.