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. 2018 Nov 5;13(11):e0199269.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199269. eCollection 2018.

Laboratory assays on the effects of a novel acaricide, SYP-9625 on Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) and its natural enemy, Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor)

Jingqi Ouyang  1 , Yajing Tian  1 , Chunxian Jiang  1 , Qunfang Yang  1 , Haijian Wang  1 , Qing Li  1
Affiliations

Laboratory assays on the effects of a novel acaricide, SYP-9625 on Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) and its natural enemy, Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor)

Jingqi Ouyang et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Objective: Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) is an agricultural mite pest threatens crops throughout the world, causing serious economic loses. Exploring the effects of acaricides on predatory mites is crucial for the combination of biological and chemical control of T. cinnabarinus. Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) is one of the principal natural enemies of T. cinnabarinus, which can be applied in protected agriculture. In this study, the effects of sublethal concentrations of a new acaricide, SYP-9625 on two mite species, and the effects of the application concentration on predatory mite, N. californicus were assessed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of SYP-9625 on life parameters and predation capacity of N. californicus based on the concentration-response bioassay of T. cinnabarinus to explor the application of the new acaricide with natural enemy N. californicus.

Method: All of the experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions [25 ± 1°C, 16: 8 h (L: D) and 75 ± 5% RH]. The sublethal concentrations LC10 (0.375μg/mL) and the LC30 (0.841μg/mL) against T. cinnabarinus and the application concentration (100μg/mL) against N. californicus were used to evaluate the effects of SYP-9625 on population parameters of N. californicus based on an age-stage, two-sex life table and its predation capacity by functional response.

Result: cinnabarinus females treated with LC30 exhibited significantly reduced net reproductive rates (R0 = 11.02) in their offspring compared with females treated with LC10 (R0 = 14.96) and untreated females (R0 = 32.74). However, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and the finite rate of increase (λ) of N. californicus indicated that the application concentration of SYP-9625 had no significant negative effect on N. californicus eggs (rm = 0.277, λ = 1.319) compared to the control (rm = 0.292, λ = 1.338). Additionally, most population parameters of N. californicus showed a dose-dependent manner with the increase of the concentration of SYP-9625 against T. cinnabarinus. SYP-9625 also stimulated the control efficiency of N. californicus against immobile stages including eggs and larvae.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that sublethal concentrations of SYP-9625 can inhibit the population growth of T. cinnabarinus. In addition, the sublethal concentrations and the application concentration showed no effect on the population growth of N. californicus. These two advantages described above showed great commercial potential of this new acaricide based on population parameters of the two mite species and predation capacity of the predatory mite under laboratory conditions.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Female age-specific fecundity (fx5) and the age-specific survival rate (lx) of female adults T. cinnabarinus treated with sublethal concentrations of SYP-9625.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Age-specific survival rate (lx), female age-specific fecundity (fx5), age-specific fecundity of the total population (mx), and age-specific maternity (lxmx) of T. cinnabarinus eggs treated with sublethal concentrations of SYP-9625.
(A) Control, (B) LC10, (C) LC30.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Age-specific survival rate (lx), female age-specific fecundity (fx5), age-specific fecundity of the total population (mx), and age-specific maternity (lxmx) of N. californicus (McGregor) eggs treated with sublethal concentrations of SYP-9625.
(A) Control, (B) SYP-9625.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Age-specific survival rate (lx) and female age-specific fecundity (fx5) of N. californicus (McGregor) adult females treated with sublethal concentrations of SYP-9625.
Fig 5
Fig 5. Age-specific survival rate (lx), female age-specific fecundity (fx5), age-specific fecundity of the total population (mx), and age-specific maternity (lxmx) of offspring from adult female N.californicus (McGregor) treated with sublethal concentrations of SYP-9625.
(A) Control, (B) SYP-9625.
Fig 6
Fig 6. Age-stage specific survival rate (sxj) of offspring from adult female N. californicus (McGregor) fed on T. cinnabarinus treated with sublethal concentrations of SYP-9625.
(A) Control, (B) LC10, (C) LC30.
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