Selenium-Binding Protein 1 in Human Health and Disease

Abstract

Selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1) is a highly conserved protein that covalently binds selenium. SBP1 may play important roles in several fundamental physiological functions, including protein degradation, intra-Golgi transport, cell differentiation, cellular motility, redox modulation, and the metabolism of sulfur-containing molecules. SBP1 expression is often reduced in many cancer types compared to the corresponding normal tissues and low levels of SBP1 are frequently associated with poor clinical outcome. In this review, the transcriptional regulation of SBP1, the different physiological roles reported for SBP1, as well as the implications of SBP1 function in cancer and other diseases are presented.

Keywords: SBP1; SELENBP1; cancer; disease; hSP56; selenium-binding protein 1.

Figure 1

Localization of SBP1 in prostate cancer. Human prostate cancer tissue showing cells that express SBP1 (magenta) mostly in the cytoplasm and several cells that express SBP1 in the nucleus. Nuclei are highlighted with DAPI (blue).

Figure 2

The potential roles of SBP1 in human health and disease. Illustration of the different potential functions reported for SBP1 in the published literature.

Figure 3

The molecular regulation of SBP1. Illustration of the different proteins that can potentially interact, be regulated by, or regulate SBP1 according to the literature. TGF-β: transforming growth factor beta; HIF-1α: hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; H2S: hydrogen sulfide; VDU1: von Hippel–Lindau protein–interacting deubiquitinating enzyme 1; TWIST1: Twist Family BHLH Transcription Factor 1; TP53: tumor protein p53.