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. 2018 Nov 2;11(11):2176.
doi: 10.3390/ma11112176.

Electrospun Produced 3D Matrices for Covering of Vascular Stents: Paclitaxel Release Depending on Fiber Structure and Composition of the External Environment

Konstantin A Kuznetsov  1   2 , Alena O Stepanova  3   4 , Ren I Kvon  5 , Timothy E L Douglas  6   7 , Nikita A Kuznetsov  8 , Vera S Chernonosova  9   10 , Ivan A Zaporozhchenko  11   12 , Maria V Kharkova  13 , Irina V Romanova  14 , Andrey A Karpenko  15 , Pavel P Laktionov  16   17
Affiliations

Electrospun Produced 3D Matrices for Covering of Vascular Stents: Paclitaxel Release Depending on Fiber Structure and Composition of the External Environment

Konstantin A Kuznetsov et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

Paclitaxel is a natural, highly lipophilic anti proliferative drug widely used in medicine. We have studied the release of tritium-labeled paclitaxel (³H-PTX) from matrices destined for the coating of vascular stents and produced by the electrospinning method from the solutions of polycaprolactone (PCL) with paclitaxel (PTX) in hexafluoisopropanol (HFIP) and/or solutions of PCL with PTX and human serum albumin (HSA) in HFIP or HIFP-dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) blend. The release of PTX has been shown to depend on the composition of electrospinning solution, as well as the surrounding medium, particularly the concentration of free PTX and PTX-binding biomolecules present in human serum. It was shown that 3D matrices can completely release PTX without weight loss. Two-phase PTX release from optimized 3D matrices was obtained: ~27% of PTX was released in the first day, another 8% were released over the next 26 days. Wherein ~2.8%, ~2.3%, and ~0.25% of PTX was released on day 3, 9, and 27, respectively. Considering PTX toxicity, the rate of its diffusion through the arterial wall, and the data obtained the minimum cytostatic dose of the drug in the arterial wall will be maintained for at least three months.

Keywords: 3D matrix; drug release; electrospinning; paclitaxel; polycaprolactone.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Microstructure of 3D matrices (SEM, ×3000 magnification). The digit following the matrix composition indicates the incubation time of the matrices in PBS.
Figure 2
Figure 2
XPS spectra of the samples PCL/PTX/DMSO (A) and PCL/HSA/DMSO (B).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Drying rate of 3D matrices. The data presented as means, error of the mean does not exceed 7%.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Kinetics of PTX release from matrices. (A) Incubation of 3D matrices with PBS without medium replacement; (B) incubation of 3D matrices with PBS with medium replacement after each time point; (C) incubation of 3D matrices with human plasma without medium replacement; (D) incubation of 3D matrices with human plasma with medium replacement after each time point.
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