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Review
. 2018 Nov 5;10(11):1683.
doi: 10.3390/nu10111683.

The Handbook of Minerals on a Gluten-Free Diet

Iga Rybicka  1
Affiliations
Review

The Handbook of Minerals on a Gluten-Free Diet

Iga Rybicka. Nutrients. .

Abstract

The importance of a gluten-free diet (GFD) in the treatment of celiac disease and other gluten-related disorders is undisputable. However, strict GFD often lead to nutritional imbalances and, therefore, to deficiencies. One of the most common deficiencies from a GFD are an insufficient amount of Ca, Fe, Mg, and Zn. This is mainly because the most of popular gluten-free (GF) raw materials are poor in minerals. Although the popularity of GFD is constantly growing, the data on minerals in GF products are still limited. More importantly, an access to the data is even more restricted. Therefore, the paper reviews the Ca, Fe, Mg, and Zn contents in hundreds of grain GF products available worldwide. The data for 444 products from categories of flours, mixes for cooking, bakery products, cereals, groats, rice, and pasta are obtained from research papers and nutritional databases. The calculation of the realization of mineral requirements from a portion of each product with its graphical classification as rich/average/poor source of each mineral is given. The review is a handbook of minerals for people on a GFD, dietitians, and food producers.

Keywords: calcium; deficiency; gluten-free diet; iron; magnesium; mineral; zinc.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author declares no conflict of interest.

Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Data selection scheme.
Figure 1
Figure 1
The criteria of product classification to high, moderate, and low contribution to realization of daily requirements for Ca, Fe, Mg, and Zn.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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