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Meta-Analysis
. 2018 Nov;97(45):e13102.
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000013102.

Focal therapy versus robot-assisted partial nephrectomy in the management of clinical T1 renal masses: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Young Eun Yoon  1 , Hyung Ho Lee  2 , Ki Hong Kim  3 , Sung Yul Park  1 , Hong Sang Moon  1 , Seung Ryeol Lee  4 , Young Kwon Hong  4 , Dong Soo Park  4 , Dae Keun Kim  5   6
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Focal therapy versus robot-assisted partial nephrectomy in the management of clinical T1 renal masses: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Young Eun Yoon et al. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Nov.

Abstract

Background: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RPN) and focal therapy (FT) have both been successfully employed in the management of small renal masses. However, despite this being the era of minimally invasive surgery, few comparative studies exist on RPN and FT. The aim of our study is to review perioperative, renal functional and oncologic outcomes of FT and RPN in cT1 renal masses.

Methods: Literature published in Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases up to April 22, 2018, was systematically searched. We included literature comparing outcomes of FT (radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, microwave ablation, and irreversible electroporation) and RPN. Studies that reported only on laparoscopic partial nephrectomy or open partial nephrectomy, and review articles, editorials, letters, or cost analyses were excluded. In total, data from 1166 patients were included.

Results: From 858 total articles, 7 nonrandomized, observational studies were included. Compared with RPN, FT was associated with a significantly lower decrease of estimated glomerular filtration rate (weighted mean difference [WMD] -8.06 mL/min/1.73 m; confidence interval [CI] -15.85 to -0.26; P = .04), and lower estimated blood loss (WMD -49.61 mL; CI -60.78 to -38.45; P < .001). However, patients who underwent FT had a significantly increased risk of local recurrence (risk ratio [RR] 9.89; CI 4.24-23.04; P < .001) and distant metastasis (RR 6.42; CI 1.70-24.33; P = .006). However, operative times, lengths of stay, and complication rates were revealed to be similar between FT and RPN.

Conclusion: RPN has a substantial advantage in preventing cancer recurrence. However, in the era of minimally invasive surgery, FT has advantages in renal function preservation and less bleeding. Long-term follow-up for survival rates and comparative analysis of microwave ablation and irreversible electroporation are needed to extend FT for patients with significant morbidities and for those who need sufficient renal function preservation with minimal bleeding.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram showing the selection of studies.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot and meta-analysis of perioperative and postoperative outcomes: (A) estimated blood loss; (B) length of stay; (C) operative time; (D) minor complication; (E) major complication; and (F) overall complication.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot and meta-analysis of renal functional outcome of estimated glomerular filtration rate change.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot and meta-analysis of oncological outcomes: (A) local recurrence and (B) distant metastasis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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