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. 2019 Nov 6;8(5):474-477.
doi: 10.1093/jpids/piy103.

Change in Bacterial Causes of Community-Acquired Parapneumonic Effusion and Pleural Empyema in Children 6 Years After 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Implementation

Fouad Madhi  1   2 , Corinne Levy  2   3   4 , Laurence Morin  5 , Philippe Minodier  6 , François Dubos  7 , Ferielle Zenkhri  8 , Marie Aliette Dommergues  9 , Ellia Mezgueldi  10 , Karine Levieux  11 ; Pneumonia Study Group; Stéphane Béchet  2   3   4 , Emmanuelle Varon  12 , Robert Cohen  2   3   4   13 ; GPIP (Pediatric Infectious Disease Group)
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Change in Bacterial Causes of Community-Acquired Parapneumonic Effusion and Pleural Empyema in Children 6 Years After 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Implementation

Fouad Madhi et al. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. .

Abstract

We describe here changes in the bacterial causes of pleural empyema before and after implementation of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) program in France (2009-2017). For 220 (39.3%) of 560 children, a bacterial cause was found. The frequency of pneumococcal infection decreased during the study from 79.1% in 2009 to 36.4% in 2017 (P < .001). Group A streptococcus is now the leading cause of documented empyema (45.5%).

Keywords: PCV13; bacterial pneumonia; children; empyema; pleural effusion.

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