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. 2018 Nov;24(6):1093-1101.
doi: 10.1007/s12298-018-0570-z. Epub 2018 Jun 28.

Influence of salinity and Fusarium oxysporum as the stress factors on morpho-physiological and yield attributes in onion

Amna Shoaib  1 , Sidra Meraj  1 , Nafisa  1 , Kashif Ali Khan  1 , Muhammad Azhar Javaid  2
Affiliations

Influence of salinity and Fusarium oxysporum as the stress factors on morpho-physiological and yield attributes in onion

Amna Shoaib et al. Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2018 Nov.

Abstract

Occurrence of salt stress with the soil borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepa (FOC) are potential threat to the crop yield. This investigation reports effect of the concurrent stresses (salinity and FOC) on morpho-physiological and yield attributes in onion. In vitro growth tests revealed proliferation of FOC biomass at different levels of salinity (2-8 dS m-1). A greenhouse pot experiment with the proposed levels of salinity (2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 dS m-1) in combination with FOC inoculation showed more drastic effect of combined stress on disease severity, plant growth and bulb as compared to the individual stress. In general, osmotic potential, total chlorophyll content, membrane stability index and total protein content of the leaf were decreased, while total phenolics were increased due to the given stress/s. Total sugar content decreased due to effect of the individual stress of FOC, while it increased under the individual stress of salinity and in combination with FOC. FOC infection did not change activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), while it improved peroxidase (POX) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and decreased catalase (CAT) activity. Activities of POX and PPO increased, however PAL and CAT declined under individual as well as simultaneous stress of salinity and FOC. The research work concluded that FOC will be a more severe disease threat for onion cultivation in saline soils.

Keywords: Antioxidant enzyme; Basal rot; Physiology and biochemistry; Salt stress; Salt tolerant fungus.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Effect of different values of electrical conductivity on biomass of F. oxysporum f. sp. cepa (FOC) in 2% malt extract medium after 7 days of incubation. Values with different letters at their top show significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) as determined by Tukey’s HSD Test
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Effect of F. oxysporum f. sp. cepa (FOC) and different levels of salinity on bulb of A. cepa
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
a–f Effect of F. oxysporum f. sp. cepa (FOC) and different salinity levels on growth and biomass in A. cepa at 50th day of inoculation. Values with different letters show significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) as determined by Tukey’s HSD Test. Vertical bars show standard errors of means of three replicates
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
a–d Effect of F. oxysporum f. sp. cepa (FOC) and different salinity levels on activities of antioxidant enzymes in A. cepa leaf at 35th day of inoculation. Values with different letters show significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) as determined by Tukey’s HSD Test. Vertical bars show standard errors of means of three replicates
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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