Antidepressant and antipsychotic prescribing in primary care for people with dementia
- PMID: 30429194
- PMCID: PMC6234938
Antidepressant and antipsychotic prescribing in primary care for people with dementia
Abstract
Objective: To use data from the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN) to evaluate the prevalence of antidepressant and antipsychotic prescriptions among patients with no previous depression or psychosis diagnoses, and to identify the factors associated with the use of these drugs in this population.
Design: Retrospective cohort study using data derived from CPCSSN.
Setting: Primary care practices associated with CPCSSN.
Participants: Patients who were born before 1949; who were associated with a CPCSSN primary care practitioner between October 1, 2007, and September 30, 2013; and whose electronic medical records contained data from at least 6 months before and 12 months after the date of dementia diagnosis.
Main outcome measures: Prescription for an antidepressant or antipsychotic medication in the absence of a depression or psychosis diagnosis. Multivariable models were fitted to determine estimated odds ratios (ORs) and were adjusted for age and sex.
Results: Of the 3252 patients without a depression diagnosis, 8.5% received a new prescription for an antidepressant in the 12 months following their diagnosis of dementia. Prescribing was reduced in association with older age (OR of 0.86 per 5-year age increase, P=.001) and male sex (OR=0.77, P=.056), and prescribing increased in association with prescription of cholinesterase inhibitor medications (OR=1.57, P=.003). Of the 4262 patients without a diagnosis of psychosis, 6.1% received a new prescription for an antipsychotic in the 12 months following their diagnosis of dementia. Higher rates of antipsychotic prescriptions were reported in men (OR=1.31, P=.046), those receiving a prescription for steroids (OR=1.90, P=.037), and those diagnosed with Parkinson disease (OR 1.58, P=.051).
Conclusion: A substantial number of patients with dementia are being prescribed antidepressant or antipsychotic medications by their primary care practitioners without evidence of depression or psychosis in their electronic medical records.
Objectif: À l’aide des données du Réseau canadien de surveillance sentinelle en soins primaires (RCSSSP), déterminer la prévalence de la prescription d’antidépresseurs et d’antipsychotiques à des patients qui n’ont pas encore de diagnostic de dépression ou de psychose, et identifier les facteurs associés à l’utilisation de ces médicaments chez ces patients.
Type d’étude: Une étude de cohorte rétrospective à l’aide de données provenant du RCSSSP.
Contexte: Des établissements de soins primaires associés au RCSSSP.
Participants: Des patients nés avant 1949 qui ont reçu des soins primaires d’un médecin du RCSSSP entre le premier octobre 2007 et le 30 septembre 2013 et dont les dossiers médicaux électroniques contenaient des données couvrant au moins 6 mois précédant le diagnostic de démence et les 12 mois suivant ce diagnostic.
Principaux paramètres à l’étude: La prescription d’antidépresseurs ou d’antipsychotiques à des patients n’ayant pas de diagnostic de dépression ou de psychose. Des modèles multivariables ont été adaptés pour déterminer les rapports de cotes (RC) et ajustés en fonction de l’âge et du sexe.
Résultats: Une proportion de 8,5 % des 3252 patients sans diagnostic de dépression s’est vu prescrire des antidépresseurs au cours des 12 mois suivant le diagnostic de démence. La fréquence de ces prescriptions diminuait avec l’âge (RC = 0.86 pour chaque 5 ans d’augmentation, P = .001), et était moindre chez les hommes (RC = 0.77, P = .003), alors qu’elle augmentait chez les personnes qui recevaient un inhibiteur de la cholinestérase (RC = 1.57, P = .003). Parmi les 4262 patients sans diagnostic de psychose, 6,1 % se sont vu prescrire un antipsychotique dans les 12 mois suivant le diagnostic de démence. On a observé que le taux de prescription d’antipsychotiques était plus élevé chez les hommes (RC = 1.31, P = .046), chez les personnes qui prenaient des stéroïdes (RC = 1.90, P = .037) et chez celles qui avaient un diagnostic de maladie de Parkinson (RC = 1.58, P = .051).
Conclusion: Un nombre important de patients souffrant de démence se voient prescrire des antidépresseurs ou des antipsychotiques par leurs médecins des soins primaires sans que leurs dossiers médicaux électroniques n’indiquent clairement l’existence d’une dépression ou d’une psychose.
Copyright© the College of Family Physicians of Canada.
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