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. 2018 Nov 15;13(11):e0206987.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206987. eCollection 2018.

Influenza B viruses circulated during last 5 years in Mongolia

Naranzul Tsedenbal  1 , Altansukh Tsend-Ayush  2 , Darmaa Badarch  1 , Sarantuya Jav  2 , Nymadawa Pagbajab  1   3
Affiliations

Influenza B viruses circulated during last 5 years in Mongolia

Naranzul Tsedenbal et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Influenza B virus-caused illness has recently been considered as an urgent public health problem due to substantial morbidity, mortality and life-threatening medical complications. In this study, we have reported the main characteristics of influenza B virus in Mongolia, including prevalence, lineages, suitability with vaccine strains and drug susceptibility against the virus. 15768 specimens were tested by qPCR for detecting influenza viruses. From positive specimens for influenza B virus, the clinical isolates were isolated using MDCK cells. Sequencing analysis, hemagglutination inhibition assay and Neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) drug susceptibility testing were performed for the clinical isolates. Influenza B virus was around in 3.46% of the samples in Mongolia, and B/Victoria clade-1A and B/Yamagata clade-3 lineages were predominant. Importantly, it was confirmed that the lineages corresponded to the vaccine strains. Moreover, drug susceptibility tests revealed that some Mongolian clinical isolates showed reduced susceptibility to antiviral agents. Interestingly, G104R was identified as a novel mutation, which might have a significant role in drug resistance of the virus. These results describe the characteristics of influenza B viruses that have caused respiratory illness in the population of Mongolia between 2013 and 2017.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Epidemic curve of influenza virus-positive cases.
Monthly distribution of total ILI cases and influenza A and B virus-positive cases in Mongolia from September 2013 to September 2017.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Weekly distribution of influenza B viruses between 2013 and 2017 in Mongolia.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Phylogenetic tree based on HA amino acid sequences of B/Victoria lineage viruses circulated in Mongolia from 2012 to 2017.
The phylogenetic tree was created by the neighbor-joining method (1000 bootstrap replicates). Blue is for Mongolian strains, red is for vaccine strains, and black is for reference strains.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Phylogenetic tree based on HA amino acid sequences of B/Yamagata lineage viruses circulated in Mongolia from 2012 to 2016.
The phylogenetic tree was created by the neighbor-joining method (1000 bootstrap replicates). Mongolian strains (blue), vaccine strains (red), reference strains (black).
Fig 5
Fig 5. The compared result of drug resistant strains, NA protein sequences with clinical specimens and strain B/Kochi/61/2011.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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