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Review
. 2018 Sep 11;10(9):e3288.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.3288.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Overview of the Disease Pathology and Its Management

Asad Ali  1 , Zohaib Sayyed  2 , Muhammad Atif Ameer  3 , Abdul Wahab Arif  4 , Fnu Kiran  5 , Ayesha Iftikhar  6 , Waleed Iftikhar  7 , Malik Qistas Ahmad  8 , Muhammad Bilal Malik  9 , Vijay Kumar  10 , Arjan Dass  10 , Shahzad Ahmed Sami  7 , Fnu Sapna  11 , Neha Waqas  12
Affiliations
Review

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Overview of the Disease Pathology and Its Management

Asad Ali et al. Cureus. .

Retraction in

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with varied natural history and multisystemic involvement. The pathogenesis is multifactorial and complex precipitating the formation of autoantibodies. One of the main factors in SLE is the interaction between environmental triggers and genetic factors. Genome-wide association study technology has led to the identification of more than 80 loci which produce key proteins that lead to small pathophysiological changes and are associated with SLE. There has been an improvement in the management of the disease with newly standardized scores that have been validated in assessing disease activity and quality of life, and have helped in clinical care as well as research. The last five decades have seen a marked improvement in the prognosis of SLE, thanks to better general care and the development of newer immunosuppressive drugs, more specifically biological agents.

Keywords: auto-antibodies; autoimmune disease; biological agents; immunology; immunosuppressives; inflammatory; multisystemic; neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus; remission; therapeutic.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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