Morphological dynamics of bone tissue reparative regeneration during the implantation of biocomposite "syntekost" into the cavity of the traumatic defect of the iliac crest of a rabbit in the experiment

Abstract

Objective: Introduction: The problem of bone tissue regeneration and the development of the methods of directional influence on bone healing processes are one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine. The question of bone tissue posttraumatic regeneration is particularly important with regard to military conflicts, ecological and technological disasters, and has social and economic relevance, connected with the necessity of long-term treatment and medical rehabilitation. The aim: The objective of the work is the experimental evaluation of bone tissue reparative regeneration during the implantation of biocomposite "Syntekost" (patent for invention №98573 dated 25.05.2012 Ukraine), and аlso dynamics determination of bone tissue reparative regeneration after its application during a year.

Patients and methods: Materials and methods: The experiment was carried out on 24 rabbits. All the rabbits were divided into three groups. Penetrating bone damages on the edge of the proximal tibial metaphysis and diaphysis with the diameter of 2,2 mm were formed in the rabbits of the first group using intravenous anesthetic and the dynamics of the reparative regeneration of bone tissue of the iliac crest was studied in 6, 9 and 12 months, without using composite "Syntekost" (control group - 8 rabbits). Penetrating bone damageson the edge of the proximal tibial metaphysis and diaphysis with the diameter of 2,2 mm were formed in the rabbits of the second group and biocomposite "Syntekost" was implantated into them (8 rabbits). Penetrating bone damages on the edge of the proximal tibial metaphysis and diaphysis with the diameter of 2,2 mm were formed in the rabbits of the third group and biocomposite "Syntekost" was implantated into them together with blood plasma and ossein-hydroxyapatite (8 rabbits).

Results: Results: In all stages the research showed the significantly higher percentage of splenial bone tissue both in the rabbits that had biocomposite "Syntekost" implanted withoutblood plasma and ossein-hydroxyapatite and in the rabbits that had biocomposite "Syntekost" implanted with blood plasma and ossein-hydroxyapatite in comparison with the one of the rabbits that didn't have biocomposite "Syntekost" implanted after having been injured (р < 0,05). In all stages of the research the rabbits that had biocomposite "Biokost" implanted together with blood plasma and ossein-hydroxyapatite had the significantly higher percentage of neogenic splenial bone tissue and the significantly lower percentage of biocomposite "Syntekost" comparing to the ones of the rabbits that had biocomposite "Syntekost" implanted without blood plasma and ossein-hydroxyapatite (р < 0,05).

Conclusion: Conclusions: The application of blood plasma and ossein-hydroxyapatite accelerates bone tissue regeneration and the process of biodegradation of biocomposite "Syntekost" throughout the experiment. In all stages of the experiment no toxic influence of biocomposite "Syntekost" on the surrounding bone tissue was found.

Keywords: biocomposite “Syntekost”; biodegradation; iliac bone; ossein-hydroxyapatite; osteogenesis; posttraumatic regeneration of bone tissue.