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. 2018 Oct-Dec;18(4):356-363.
doi: 10.4103/jips.jips_167_18.

Cone beam computerized tomography evaluation of incisive canal and anterior maxillary bone thickness for placement of immediate implants

Mousumi Panda  1 , Thatapudi Shankar  1 , Anjana Raut  1 , Shruti Dev  1 , Aswini Kumar Kar  1 , Sadanand Hota  1
Affiliations

Cone beam computerized tomography evaluation of incisive canal and anterior maxillary bone thickness for placement of immediate implants

Mousumi Panda et al. J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2018 Oct-Dec.

Abstract

Purpose: Variation of dimensions of the nasopalatine canal and anterior maxillary bone thickness vary in relation to age, gender, edentulism, and ethnicity; thorough knowledge with regard to these landmarks is of vital importance prior to surgical procedures such as implant placement and local anesthesia in the anterior maxilla. Cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) aids in accurate treatment planning in such situations.

Subjects and methods: A total of 300 participants were selected by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. CBCT was performed with Hyperion X9 CBCT Scanner. Images were reconstructed from the CBCT data using NNT image reconstruction software and visualized using multi-planar resolution screen. The dimensions of the nasopalatine foramen (NPF), the incisive canal (IC) and foramen, and anterior maxillary bone thickness were measured.

Results: The mean diameter of NPF was found to be 3.27 mm, incisive foramen (IF) was 3.62 mm, IC was 2.12 mm. The average length of the IC was 10.66 mm. The IF was located at a mean distance of 13.81 mm away from the most anteroinferior point of the cortical plate of the labial bone of the maxilla. The anterior maxillary bone was the thickest at the nasal spine level (10.94 mm), and was the narrowest at lower labial alveolus (7.16 mm). The average anterior maxillary bone thickness was found to be 8.36 mm.

Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it was found that found that gender and age are important factors that affected the characteristics of the IC and the amount of bone anterior to it.

Keywords: Anterior maxilla; bone thickness; cone beam computerized tomography; immediate implant; incisive canal dimensions.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Measurement of incisive foramen (blue line), nasal foramen (red line), incisive diameter (green line), and the incisive foramen location (yellow line)
Figure 2
Figure 2
Measurement of the incisive canal length (green line) and anterior maxillary bone thickness at three levels (yellow, orange and pink lines)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Measurement of the mesio-distal diameter diameter of theincisive foramen (red line)
Figure 4
Figure 4
The above bar diagram depicts the relationship between the mean dimensions of the incisive foramen and anterior maxillary bone thickness w.r.t. males and females. This also highlights the average dimensions in each parameter irrespective of the gender
Figure 5
Figure 5
The above bar diagram depicts the relationship between the mean dimensions of the incisive foramen and anterior maxillary bone thickness according to different age groups in each parameter
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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