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. 2018 Nov 21;13(11):e0207600.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207600. eCollection 2018.

Pilot study for three-dimensional assessment of laminar pore structure in patients with glaucoma, as measured with swept source optical coherence tomography

Kazuko Omodaka  1   2 , Shigeto Maekawa  1 , Guangzhou An  3   4 , Satoru Tsuda  1 , Yukihiro Shiga  1 , Naoko Takada  1 , Tsutomu Kikawa  3 , Hidetoshi Takahashi  5 , Hideo Yokota  4   6 , Masahiro Akiba  3   4 , Toru Nakazawa  1   2   6   7   8
Affiliations

Pilot study for three-dimensional assessment of laminar pore structure in patients with glaucoma, as measured with swept source optical coherence tomography

Kazuko Omodaka et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Purpose: To develop a method to quantify, based on swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT), the 3D structure of the laminar pores in patients with glaucoma.

Methods: This retrospective study examined 160 laminar pores from 8 eyes of 8 cases: 4 normal subjects and 4 open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients. We reconstructed 3D volume data for a 3 x 3 mm disc, using a method similar to OCT angiography, and segmented the structure of the lamina cribrosa. Then, we manually segmented each laminar pore in sequential C-scan images (>90 slices at 2.6-micron intervals) with VCAT5 (RIKEN, Japan). We compared the control and OAG subjects with the Mann-Whitney U test. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05.

Results: We found that the laminar pores of the OAG patients had a significantly smaller average cross-sectional area, smaller 3D volume (adjusted to the average thickness of the lamina cribrosa), and higher true sphericity, and lower principal value (P1, 2, 3) of the 3D structure data (all: p < 0.0001). The topographic distribution of damaged laminar pores was consistent with the damaged area of the macular map.

Conclusion: We successfully developed a method to quantify the 3D structure of the laminar pores; providing a useful tool to assess lamina cribrosa-associated risk factors for glaucoma. These findings promise to benefit future investigations into the pathomechanisms of glaucoma.

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Conflict of interest statement

Co-authors GA, TK, and MA are employed by Topcon Corporation, a commercial company. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter our adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Method of segmenting the 3D structure of the laminar pores.
A: En-face image of the optic nerve head based on 4x-repeated OCTA volume data. B: Automatically-segmented LC structure. C: Method for marking the outer margin of each laminar pore in sequential C-scan images at 2.6-micron intervals. D: Segmented 3D structure of the laminar pores in the same eye.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Representative 3D structure of the laminar pores.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Comparison of 3D parameters of the laminar pores.
Bar chart graph showing a comparison of 3D parameters. A: Average cross-sectional area of the laminar pores. B: Volume (adjusted to the lamina thickness). C: Degree of true sphericity. D: First principal value. E: Second principal value. F: Third principal value.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Representative cases showing the topographic distribution of damaged laminar pores.
A, B: Superimposition of deviation data and en-face images of the optic nerve head. C, D: OCT macular RNFL thickness maps and OCT macular deviation maps. Representative healthy (A, C) and glaucoma (B, D) subjects. Histogram and division of the laminar pores into 4 quartile groups based on cross-sectional area: severe (red), moderate (yellow), mild (green), and normal (white).
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