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. 2018 Jul 27;27(6):1607-1617.
doi: 10.1007/s10068-018-0441-y. eCollection 2018 Dec.

Optimization of green extraction methods for cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde from Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) by response surface methodology

Hyun-Gyu Lee  1   2 , Yunhee Jo  1 , Kashif Ameer  1   3 , Joong-Ho Kwon  1
Affiliations

Optimization of green extraction methods for cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde from Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) by response surface methodology

Hyun-Gyu Lee et al. Food Sci Biotechnol. .

Abstract

The major compounds of cinnamon are cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde, for which the conditions of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and reflux extraction (RE) were optimized using response surface methodology for comparing their efficiencies in terms of extraction yield, consumption of time and energy, and CO2 emission. The results indicated MAE superiority to UAE and RE owing to the highest yield of target compounds (total yield: 0.89%, cinnamic acid: 6.48 mg/100 mL, and cinnamaldehyde: 244.45 mg/100 mL) at optimum MAE conditions: 59% ethanol, 147.5 W microwave power and 3.4 min of extraction time. RE resulted in comparable yields with the highest consumption of time, energy, and solvent, and least CO2 emission. Therefore, it is concluded that MAE is the most efficient method for green extraction of cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde from cinnamon powder compared to UAE and RE.

Keywords: Cinnamaldehyde; Cinnamic acid; Green extraction; Microwave-assisted extraction; Response surface methodology.

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Conflict of interest statement

Compliance with ethical standardsThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Four dimensional response surfaces at optimum MAE conditions for total yield (A), cinnamic acid (B), cinnamaldehyde (C) and superimposed response surfaces at optimum MAE conditions (D); three dimensional response surfaces at optimum UAE conditions for total yield (E), cinnamic acid (F) cinnamaldehyde (G) and superimposed response surfaces at optimum UAE conditions (H); four dimensional response surfaces at optimum RE conditions for total yield (I), cinnamic acid (J), cinnamaldehyde (K) and superimposed response surfaces at optimum RE conditions (L)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Comparison of cinnamic acid yield (A), cinnamaldehyde yield (B), cinnamic acid yield per h (C) cinnamaldehyde yield per h (D), energy consumption (E), and CO2 emission (F) from microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and reflux extraction (RE)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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