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. 2019 May;64(5):1305-1311.
doi: 10.1007/s10620-018-5393-9. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Epidemiology of Whipple's Disease in the USA Between 2012 and 2017: A Population-Based National Study

Jamie Ann Elchert  1 , Emad Mansoor  1 , Mohannad Abou-Saleh  1 , Gregory S Cooper  2
Affiliations

Epidemiology of Whipple's Disease in the USA Between 2012 and 2017: A Population-Based National Study

Jamie Ann Elchert et al. Dig Dis Sci. 2019 May.

Abstract

Objective: Prior studies on the epidemiology of Whipple's disease are limited by small sample size and case series design. We sought to characterize the epidemiology of Whipple's disease in the USA utilizing a large population-based database.

Methods: We queried a commercial database (Explorys Inc, Cleveland, OH), an aggregate of electronic health record data from 26 major integrated healthcare systems in the USA. We identified a cohort of patients with a diagnosis of Whipple's disease based on systemized nomenclature of medical terminology (SNOMED CT) codes. We calculated the overall and age-, race-, ethnicity, and gender-based prevalence of Whipple's disease and prevalence of associated diagnoses using univariate analysis.

Results: A total of 35,838,070 individuals were active in the database between November 2012 and November 2017. Of these, 350 individuals had a SNOMED CT diagnosis of Whipple's disease, with an overall prevalence of 9.8 cases per 1 million. There was no difference in prevalence based on sex. However, prevalence of Whipple's disease was higher in Caucasians, non-Hispanics, and individuals > 65 years old. Individuals with a diagnosis of Whipple's disease were more likely to have associated diagnoses/findings of arthritis, CNS disease, endocarditis, diabetes, malignancy, dementia, vitamin D deficiency, iron deficiency, chemotherapy, weight loss, abdominal pain, and lymphadenopathy.

Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the largest study to date examining the epidemiology of Whipple's disease. In this large population-based study, the overall prevalence of Whipple's disease in the USA is 9.8 cases per 1 million people. It affects men and women at similar rates and is more common in Caucasians, non-Hispanics, and people > 65 years old.

Keywords: Epidemiology; GI tract infections; Tropheryma whipplei; Whipple’s disease.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: There are no potential conflicts (financial, professional, or personal) to disclose by all the authors (Jamie Ann Elchert, Emad Mansoor, Mohannad Abou-Saleh and Gregory S. Cooper).

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Demographics of Whipple’s cases.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Number of Whipple’s Disease cases by age.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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