Gender Disparities in Cardiovascular Fellowship Training Among 3 Specialties From 2007 to 2017

Abstract

Despite women accounting for nearly half of all U.S. medical school graduates, this balanced representation is lacking in the cardiovascular specialties. To explore this question further, gender-based trends in the selection of cardiovascular subspecialty fellowship training were investigated among three core specialties: anesthesiology, medicine, and surgery. Using enrollment and workforce data from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), and the Journal of the American Medical Association Annual Report on Graduate Medical Education, trends in cardiovascular fellowship selection among women were examined over a 10-year period (2007-2017). An attempt was also made to better understand barriers that might contribute to any discrepancies, as well as factors that might influence women's choices of cardiovascular specialties over other fields.

Keywords: cardiology; cardiothoracic anesthesia; cardiothoracic surgery; cardiovascular; gender disparity.