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. 2019 Jun;477(6):1516-1520.
doi: 10.1097/CORR.0000000000000595.

In Brief: The Lichtman Classification for Kienböck Disease

Colin Kennedy  1 , Reid Abrams
Affiliations

In Brief: The Lichtman Classification for Kienböck Disease

Colin Kennedy et al. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2019 Jun.
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

All ICMJE Conflict of Interest Forms for authors and Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® editors and board members are on file with the publication and can be viewed on request.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The schematic representation of Stages I to IV from Lichtman’s original description of the classification system are shown. Stage I disease may include a linear or compression fracture with normal lunate architecture and density. Stage III was later subdivided into Stages IIIA (without fixed scaphoid rotation) and IIIB (with fixed scaphoid rotation). Reprinted with permission from Alexander AH, Turner MA, Alexander CE, Lichtman DM. Lunate silicone replacement arthroplasty for Kienbock’s disease: a long-term follow-up. J Hand Surg Am. 1990;5:401-407.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
An AP and lateral radiograph of a wrist with Stage IIIA Kienböck disease is shown. There is increased lunate density and collapse with a radioscaphoid angle < 60°. Reprinted with permission from Divelbiss B, Baratz ME. Kienböck disease. J Hand Surg Am. 2001;1:61-72.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
An AP and lateral radiograph of a wrist with Stage IIIB Kienböck disease is shown. There is increased scaphoid flexion seen on the lateral view and the signet ring sign on the AP view. Reprinted with permission from Divelbiss B, Baratz ME. Kienböck disease. J Hand Surg Am. 2001;1:61-72.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The radioscaphoid angle on a true lateral wrist radiograph with a line drawn through the center of the radius and a line drawn as a tangent to the volar and proximal and distal boundaries of the scaphoid is shown. This angle can be used to subdivide Stage III disease into IIIA and IIIB with an angle < 60° classified as Stage IIIA and an angle > 60° classified as Stage IIIB. Reprinted with permission from Goldfarb CA, Hsu J, Gelberman RH, Boyer MI. The Lichtman classification for Kienbock’s disease: an assessment of reliability. J Hand Surg Am. 2003;28:74-80.
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References

    1. Alexander AH, Turner MA, Alexander CE, Lichtman DM. Lunate silicone replacement arthroplasty for Kienböck’s disease: a long-term follow-up. J Hand Surg Am. 1990;5:401-407. - PubMed
    1. Allan CA, Joshi A, Lichtman DM. Kienböck’s disease: diagnosis and treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg . 2001;9:128-136. - PubMed
    1. Bain GI, Begg M. Arthroscopic assessment and classification of Kienböck’s disease. Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg. 2006;10:8-13. - PubMed
    1. Divelbiss B, Baratz ME. Kienböck disease. J Hand Surg Am. 2001;1:61-72.
    1. Goldfarb CA, Hsu J, Gelberman RH, Boyer MI. The Lichtman classification for Kienböck’s disease: an assessment of reliability. J Hand Surg Am. 2003;28:74-80. - PubMed

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