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Review
. 2018 Nov 22:9:1005.
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01005. eCollection 2018.

Clinical and Radiological Markers of Extra-Motor Deficits in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Foteini Christidi  1 , Efstratios Karavasilis  2 , Michail Rentzos  1 , Nikolaos Kelekis  2 , Ioannis Evdokimidis  1 , Peter Bede  3
Affiliations
Review

Clinical and Radiological Markers of Extra-Motor Deficits in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Foteini Christidi et al. Front Neurol. .

Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is now universally recognized as a complex multisystem disorder with considerable extra-motor involvement. The neuropsychological manifestations of frontotemporal, parietal, and basal ganglia involvement in ALS have important implications for compliance with assistive devices, survival, participation in clinical trials, caregiver burden, and the management of individual care needs. Recent advances in neuroimaging have been instrumental in characterizing the biological substrate of heterogeneous cognitive and behavioral deficits in ALS. In this review we discuss the clinical and radiological aspects of cognitive and behavioral impairment in ALS focusing on the recognition, assessment, and monitoring of these symptoms.

Keywords: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; behavior; cognition; extra-motor involvement; neuroimaging; neuropsychological deficits.

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