Retrograde fixation of the lesser trochanter in the adolescent: new surgical technique and clinical results of two cases

Abstract

Introduction: Avulsions of the lesser femoral trochanter are rare injuries in the adolescent population. An acute avulsion causes severe functional impairment with compromised hip flexion. Recent literature reports the superiority of surgical treatment for apophyseal avulsion fractures of the pelvis in adolescents. Unfortunately, there are no guidelines for an evidence-based treatment of lesser trochanter avulsions established. We present the cases of two adolescent athletes treated operatively.

Materials and methods: Two adolescent males, 12 and 16 years old, suffered an avulsion of the lesser trochanter during soccer. They reported immobilizing groin pain with subjective impairment in daily activities and inability to perform sports. Surgical treatment with a new retrograde technique by applying an adapted mini-open anterior approach was performed. Intraoperatively, both cases showed an intact musculo-tendinous unit attached to the avulsed fragment.

Results: Both patients showed excellent postoperative results and were satisfied with the clinical outcome. In the postoperative follow-up an adequate consolidation of the lesser trochanter was visible. No complications were postoperatively reported at final follow-up.

Conclusions: The retrograde fixation technique has led to an excellent outcome without complications in two adolescents with acute lesser trochanter apophyseal avulsions. Further clinical use may support the value of this new surgical technique.

Keywords: Adolescent; Apophyseal avulsion fracture; Hip; Lesser trochanter avulsion; Pelvis; Retrograde fixation technique.