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Review
. 2018 Nov 12;5(11):ofy292.
doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofy292. eCollection 2018 Nov.

Effectiveness of the Oral Human Attenuated Rotavirus Vaccine: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis-2006-2016

Corinne Willame  1 , Marije Vonk Noordegraaf-Schouten  2 , Emilia Gvozdenović  1 , Katrin Kochems  2 , Anouk Oordt-Speets  2 , Nicolas Praet  1 , Rosa van Hoorn  2 , Dominique Rosillon  1
Affiliations
Review

Effectiveness of the Oral Human Attenuated Rotavirus Vaccine: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis-2006-2016

Corinne Willame et al. Open Forum Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus accounts for considerable morbidity in young children. We aimed to assess the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the oral rotavirus vaccine Rotarix, as measured by laboratory-confirmed rotavirus infection after referral to hospital and/or emergency departments in children aged <5 years with gastroenteritis.

Methods: We performed a systematic search for peer-reviewed studies conducted in real-life settings published between 2006 and 2016 and a meta-analysis to calculate the overall Rotarix VE, which was further discriminated through stratified analyses.

Results: The overall VE estimate was 69% (95% confidence interval [CI], 62% to 75%); stratified analyses revealed a non-negligible impact of factors such as study design and socioeconomic status. Depending on the control group, VE ranged from 63% (95% CI, 52% to 72%) to 81% (95% CI, 69% to 88%) for unmatched and matched rotavirus test-negative controls. VE varied with socioeconomic status: 81% (95% CI, 74% to 86%) in high-income countries, 54% (95% CI, 39% to 65%) in upper-middle-income countries, and 63% (95% CI, 50% to 72%) in lower-middle-income countries. Age, rotavirus strain, and disease severity were also shown to impact VE, but to a lesser extent.

Conclusions: This meta-analysis of real-world studies showed that Rotarix is effective in helping to prevent hospitalizations and/or emergency department visits due to rotavirus infection.

Keywords: Rotarix; effectiveness; meta-analysis; rotavirus; systematic literature review.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Focus on the patient section.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
PRISMA flowchart.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Estimated pooled vaccine effectiveness for 2 doses of Rotarix against laboratory-confirmed rotavirus infection after hospital and/or emergency department visits. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HIC, high-income country; LIC, low-income country; LMIC, lower-middle-income country; NR, not reported; SES, socioeconomic status; UMIC, upper-middle-income country; VE, vaccine effectiveness.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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