Survival analysis of distant metastasis of laryngeal carcinoma: analysis based on SEER database

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic factors and the value of surgical treatment of patients with newly diagnosed laryngeal cancer with distant metastasis (DM).

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result database (SEER) was used to analyze 446 patients with laryngeal cancer with DM at the time of initial diagnosis from 2010 to 2014.The survival prognosis of patients with DM was performed by using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test. The prognostic factors and the effect of surgery were analyzed using the Cox regression analysis and R-language data package.

Results: The incidence of DM was 3.21% (446/13865). Lung was the most common distant metastatic site of laryngeal cancer (62.6%), and brain metastases had the worst prognosis in patients at 2 months. T stage and brain metastasis were independent risk factors affecting the survival (P < 0.05). The hazard ratio (HR) of DM in T4 stage was nearly twice than that in T1 stage. Surgical treatment of primary and metastatic tumors can cause better survival for patients. Patients who didn't underwent primary tumor surgery were approximately twice as likely to die from cancer as those who did. The nomogram model was constructed to visually present the 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates of patients.

Conclusions: T stage, brain metastasis and surgical treatment are prognostic factors of patients with M1 stage laryngeal cancer. Surgical treatment of primary tumors and metastases can lead to better survival for patients.

Trial registration: Not applicable.

Keywords: Distant metastasis; Laryngeal cancer; Prognosis; SEER; Surgical treatment.