Early Detection and Treatment of Subclinical Lymphedema in Patients with Breast Cancer

Abstract

Background: Early identification and treatment of subclinical lymphedema may prevent development of advanced stages and its related complications. We aimed to detect subclinical lymphedema and to evaluate the effects of early treatment program on the development of clinical lymphedema, upper extremity functions, and quality of life in patients with subclinical lymphedema. Methods and Results: Twenty-five women who were diagnosed having subclinical lymphedema were enrolled in the study. The patients were informed about lymphedema and its risk factors, and skin care and exercises to prevent the development of lymphedema. Self-reported symptoms, arm volumes, upper extremity functions, quality of life were evaluated before and after treatment. Tightness and numbness were found to have a good correlation with affected arm volume. Volume of the affected arm, percentage volume difference between the arms, upper extremity functions, and quality-of-life scores improved significantly at the end of the treatment. Conclusions: It is crucial to have early detection and treatment of subclinical lymphedema to prevent the development of established lymphedema in breast cancer survivors. Information about lymphedema and its risk factors, skin care, and home-based specific exercise program improves self-reported symptoms, volume measurements, functioning, and quality of life in patients with subclinical lymphedema.

Keywords: breast cancer; early detection; early treatment; subclinical lymphedema.