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. 2018 Dec 17;18(1):668.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3581-z.

Prevalence of metallo-β-lactamase acquired genes among carbapenems susceptible and resistant Gram-negative clinical isolates using multiplex PCR, Khartoum hospitals, Khartoum Sudan

Mudathir Abdallah Adam  1 , Wafa I Elhag  2
Affiliations

Prevalence of metallo-β-lactamase acquired genes among carbapenems susceptible and resistant Gram-negative clinical isolates using multiplex PCR, Khartoum hospitals, Khartoum Sudan

Mudathir Abdallah Adam et al. BMC Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: The increased prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative isolates caused by Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) is worrisome in clinical settings worldwide. The mortality rate associated with infections caused by MBLs producing organisms ranging from 18 to 67%. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Metallo-β-lactamase genes among some Gram-negative clinical isolates (Carbapenems susceptible and resistant).

Methods: This paper describes a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out to detect MBL genes such as (blaVIM, blaIMP and blaNDM) by multiplex PCR mixture reaction among 200 Gram-negative clinical isolates (Citrobacter spp, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus valgaris). Khartoum hospitals during 2015 to 2016.

Limitation: The study organisms were not evaluated for non-MBL carbapenemases, such as KPC and OXA-48.

Results: The prevalence of MBL genes by multiplex PCR assays among 200 Gram-negative clinical isolates was 72(36.1%). MBL positive genes among 100 carbapenems sensitive and 100 resistant isolates were 27(27%) and 45(45%) respectively. There was a statistically, significant association between the antimicrobial susceptibility and the presences of MBL genes (P.value = 0.008). E.coli was the predominant species possessing MBL genes 26(36.1%), with 22(30.7%) species having a combination of MBL genes. Verona integron Metallo beta-lactamase (VIM) was the most frequent genes 28(38.9%) out of 72 MBL detected genes, followed by imipenemase (IMP) was 19(26.4%), and consequently, New Delhi Metallo beta lactamase was 3(4.2%).

Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of MBL genes in some Gram-negative isolates from Khartoum State Hospitals which were not previously established in these hospitals.

Keywords: Carbapenem; Gram-negative bacteria; IMP; Khartoum; Metallo β-lactamase; NDM; PCR; VIM.

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Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

The study was based on laboratory work performed with bacterial strains isolated from patient’s samples during regular hospitals work up. Ethical clearance is not required for the work with isolated bacteria in Al Neelain University.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PCR product on Gel electrophoresis for MBLs genes among Gram-negative bacteria. Key. Lane 1: -ve control lanes 2, 3, 5, 6&7: 390 bp bla-VIM & 621 bp bla-NDM, and lane 4: (+ve control) 232 bp bla-IMP, 390 bp bla-VIM & 621 bp bla-NDM. Lane 8: 232 bp bla-IMP& 390 bp bla-VIM, Lane 9: DNA ladder 50 bp
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