Lung transplantation in two cystic fibrosis patients infected with previously pandrug-resistant Burkholderia cepacia complex treated with ceftazidime-avibactam

Abstract

We describe two cystic fibrosis patients infected with pandrug-resistant Burkholderia cepacia complex, with the exception of ceftazidime-avibactam, who received prophylaxis with this antibiotic during lung transplantation. Although both patients had a post-operative relapse of respiratory infection, one with positive blood cultures, ceftazidime-avibactam treatment yielded a favourable outcome. 12 months after transplantation, one patient presented an excellent clinical outcome. However, the other patient died 10 months later due to severe B. cepacia sinusitis with intracranial invasion.

Keywords: Burkholderia cepacia complex; Ceftazidime–avibactam; Cystic fibrosis; Lung transplantation; Multi-drug resistance; Respiratory tract infection.