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Review
. 2018 Dec 19;8(12):228.
doi: 10.3390/brainsci8120228.

A Homeostatic Model of Subjective Cognitive Decline

Akiko Mizuno  1 , Maria Ly  2   3 , Howard J Aizenstein  4   5
Affiliations
Review

A Homeostatic Model of Subjective Cognitive Decline

Akiko Mizuno et al. Brain Sci. .

Abstract

Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) is possibly one of the earliest detectable signs of dementia, but we do not know which mental processes lead to elevated concern. In this narrative review, we will summarize the previous literature on the biomarkers and functional neuroanatomy of SCD. In order to extend upon the prevailing theory of SCD, compensatory hyperactivation, we will introduce a new model: the breakdown of homeostasis in the prediction error minimization system. A cognitive prediction error is a discrepancy between an implicit cognitive prediction and the corresponding outcome. Experiencing frequent prediction errors may be a primary source of elevated subjective concern. Our homeostasis breakdown model provides an explanation for the progression from both normal cognition to SCD and from SCD to advanced dementia stages.

Keywords: compensation; fMRI; preclinical dementia; subjective cognitive decline.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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