Physical Activity and Performance Impact Long-term Quality of Life in Older Adults at Risk for Major Mobility Disability

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.09.006

Randomized Controlled Trial

. 2019 Jan;56(1):141-146.

doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.09.006.

Physical Activity and Performance Impact Long-term Quality of Life in Older Adults at Risk for Major Mobility Disability

Affiliations

¹ Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Health Services Research and Development Unit, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California. Electronic address: egroessl@ucsd.edu.
² Clinical Excellence Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
³ Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
⁴ Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
⁵ Department of Health Research and Policy and Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
⁶ Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
⁷ Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
⁸ Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.
⁹ Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.

PMID: 30573142
PMCID: PMC6309909
DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.09.006

Randomized Controlled Trial

Physical Activity and Performance Impact Long-term Quality of Life in Older Adults at Risk for Major Mobility Disability

Erik J Groessl et al. Am J Prev Med. 2019 Jan.

. 2019 Jan;56(1):141-146.

doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.09.006.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Health Services Research and Development Unit, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California. Electronic address: egroessl@ucsd.edu.
² Clinical Excellence Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
³ Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
⁴ Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
⁵ Department of Health Research and Policy and Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
⁶ Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
⁷ Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
⁸ Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.
⁹ Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.

PMID: 30573142
PMCID: PMC6309909
DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.09.006

Abstract

Introduction: Older adults are a rapidly growing segment of the U.S.

Population: Mobility problems that lead to further disability can be addressed through physical activity interventions. Quality of life outcome results are reported from a large trial of physical activity for sedentary older adults at risk for mobility disability.

Methods: Data were from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders study. This multisite RCT compared physical activity to health education among 1,635 randomly assigned sedentary older adults at risk for mobility disability in 2010-2011. Measures included demographics; comorbidity; a timed 400-meter walk; the Short Physical Performance Battery; and the Quality of Well-Being Scale (0-1.0 scale). Baseline and long-term follow-up (2.6 years) health-related quality of life data were collected as a secondary outcome. Multivariate linear regression modeling was used to examine covariates of health-related quality of life over time in 2017.

Results: The sample had an overall mean Quality of Well-Being score of 0.613. Both groups declined in quality of life over time, but assignment to the physical activity intervention resulted in a slower decline in health-related quality of life scores (p=0.03). Intervention attendance was associated with higher health-related quality of life for both groups. Baseline characteristics including younger age, fewer comorbid conditions, non-white ethnicity, and faster 400-meter walk times were also associated with higher health-related quality of life over time.

Conclusions: Declining mobility measured by physical performance is associated with lower quality of life in sedentary older adults. Physical activity interventions can slow the decline in quality of life, and targeting specific subgroups may enhance the effects of such interventions.

Published by Elsevier Inc.

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Conflict of interest statement

No financial disclosures were reported by the authors of this paper.

Figures

**Figure 1.**
Trajectory of health-related quality of life for the two intervention groups over time. *Note:* The Y-axis shows Quality of Well-being Scale–Self-Administered scores. The X-axis shows the elapsed time of the intervention from baseline in months. HE, health education; PA, physical activity.

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References

1. Drewnowski A, Evans WJ. Nutrition, physical activity, and quality of life in older adults: summary. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56(suppl 2):89–94. 10.1093/gerona/56.suppl_2.89. - DOI - PubMed
1. Fryback DG, Dunham NC, Palta M, et al. U.S. norms for six generic health-related quality-of-life indexes from the National Health Measurement study. Med Care. 2007;45(12):1162–1170. 10.1097/MLR.0b013e31814848f1. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Groessl EJ, Kaplan RM, Cronan TA. Quality of well-being in older people with osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;49(1):23–28. 10.1002/art.10903. - DOI - PubMed
1. Kaplan RM, Anderson JP. The quality of well-being scale: rationale for a single quality of life index Centre for Medicines Research Workshop, CIBA Foundation, Lancaster, England, Boston: MTP Press; 1988.
1. Groessl EJ, Kaplan RM, Rejeski WJ, et al. Health-related quality of life in older adults at risk for disability. Am J Prev Med. 2007;33(3):214–218. 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.04.031. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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[1] Drewnowski A, Evans WJ. Nutrition, physical activity, and quality of life in older adults: summary. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56(suppl 2):89–94. 10.1093/gerona/56.suppl_2.89. - DOI - PubMed

[2] Drewnowski A, Evans WJ. Nutrition, physical activity, and quality of life in older adults: summary. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56(suppl 2):89–94. 10.1093/gerona/56.suppl_2.89. - DOI - PubMed

[3] Fryback DG, Dunham NC, Palta M, et al. U.S. norms for six generic health-related quality-of-life indexes from the National Health Measurement study. Med Care. 2007;45(12):1162–1170. 10.1097/MLR.0b013e31814848f1. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Fryback DG, Dunham NC, Palta M, et al. U.S. norms for six generic health-related quality-of-life indexes from the National Health Measurement study. Med Care. 2007;45(12):1162–1170. 10.1097/MLR.0b013e31814848f1. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Groessl EJ, Kaplan RM, Cronan TA. Quality of well-being in older people with osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;49(1):23–28. 10.1002/art.10903. - DOI - PubMed

[6] Groessl EJ, Kaplan RM, Cronan TA. Quality of well-being in older people with osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;49(1):23–28. 10.1002/art.10903. - DOI - PubMed

[7] Kaplan RM, Anderson JP. The quality of well-being scale: rationale for a single quality of life index Centre for Medicines Research Workshop, CIBA Foundation, Lancaster, England, Boston: MTP Press; 1988.

[8] Kaplan RM, Anderson JP. The quality of well-being scale: rationale for a single quality of life index Centre for Medicines Research Workshop, CIBA Foundation, Lancaster, England, Boston: MTP Press; 1988.

[9] Groessl EJ, Kaplan RM, Rejeski WJ, et al. Health-related quality of life in older adults at risk for disability. Am J Prev Med. 2007;33(3):214–218. 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.04.031. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Groessl EJ, Kaplan RM, Rejeski WJ, et al. Health-related quality of life in older adults at risk for disability. Am J Prev Med. 2007;33(3):214–218. 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.04.031. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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Physical Activity and Performance Impact Long-term Quality of Life in Older Adults at Risk for Major Mobility Disability

Affiliations

Physical Activity and Performance Impact Long-term Quality of Life in Older Adults at Risk for Major Mobility Disability

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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