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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2019 Jul;29(4):328-332.
doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2018.10.006. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Determinants and the Role of Self-Efficacy in a Sodium-Reduction Trial in Hemodialysis Patients

Lu Hu  1 , David E St-Jules  2 , Collin J Popp  2 , Mary Ann Sevick  2
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Determinants and the Role of Self-Efficacy in a Sodium-Reduction Trial in Hemodialysis Patients

Lu Hu et al. J Ren Nutr. 2019 Jul.

Abstract

Objective: This study was to assess the impact of baseline dietary self-efficacy on the effect of a dietary intervention to reduce sodium intake in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and to identify determinants of low dietary self-efficacy.

Methods: This is a post hoc analysis of the BalanceWise study, a randomized controlled trial that aimed to reduce dietary sodium intake in HD patients recruited from 17 dialysis centers in Pennsylvania. The main outcome measures include dietary self-efficacy and reported dietary sodium density. Analysis of variance with post hoc group-wise comparison was used to examine the effect of baseline dietary self-efficacy on changes in reported sodium density in the intervention and control groups at 8 and 16 weeks. Chi-square test, independent t tests, or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to identify determinants of low dietary self-efficacy.

Results: The interaction between dietary self-efficacy and the impact of the intervention on changes in reported dietary sodium density approached significance at 8 and 16 weeks (P interaction = 0.051 and 0.06, respectively). Younger age and perceived income inadequacy were significantly associated with low self-efficacy in patients undergoing HD.

Conclusion: The benefits of dietary interventions designed to improve self-efficacy may differ by the baseline self-efficacy status. This may be particularly important for HD patients who are younger and report inadequate income as they had lower dietary self-efficacy.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest:None

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Self-Efficacy for Each Survey Item based on an 11-point Likert Scale Ranging from Not Confident At All (0) to Completely Confident (100)
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Changes in Reported Dietary Sodium Density by Baseline Dietary Self-Efficacy and Treatment Group Note: SE: self-efficacy;cntrl: control;tx: treatment
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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