Intercostal muscle oxygenation during expiratory load breathing at rest

Abstract

Background: During acute bronchial obstruction, despite a higher work of breathing, blood supply and oxygen availability may be reduced in intercostal muscles because of mechanical constraints. This hypothesis was assessed in healthy subjects breathing with and without expiratory load (ETL).

Methods: Eleven men (24 ± 2 years) breathed at rest for 5 min in unloaded condition and for 20 min through a 20-cmH₂O ETL. Tissue saturation index (TSI) and changes (Δ) in concentration of total and oxy-haemoglobin ([tHb] and [O₂Hb]) were measured in the seventh intercostal space by near-infrared spectroscopy.

Results: [tHb] and [O₂Hb] decreased with ETL (-5.16 μM and -3.54 μM; p < 0.05). TSI did not vary. Negative correlations were observed between Δ[O₂Hb] and changes in expiratory flow rate (ΔVt/Te) and between ΔTSI and Δ V˙E (r = -0.78 and -0.74; p ≤ 0.01).

Conclusion: Despite decreases in Hb concentrations, saturation in oxygen was not reduced with ETL in intercostal muscles, suggesting a satisfactory ventilatory and/or hemodynamic arrangement.

Keywords: Airway obstruction; Expiratory resistance; Healthy subjects; NIRS; Respiratory muscle oxygenation.