New Molecular Aspects of Cardiac Arrest; Promoting Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Approaches

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a method to improve survival of patients with cardiac arrest. This study aimed to identify the key genes affected five minutes after cardiac arrest, hoping to elevate the efficacy of CPR.

Methods: In this bioinformatics study differentially expressed genes of six pigs were downloaded from GEO and screened. The significant and characterized genes were analyzed via calculating fold change and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. The crucial nodes were determined based on centrality parameters and their related biological processes were investigated via ClueGO.

Results: 17 significant up-regulated (LogFC ≥ 2) and 22 down-regulated (LogFC < -0.5) genes were detected. Transthyretin (TTR logFC = 4.59) and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GNRHR logFC = 3.84) had higher logFC among up-regulated and down-regulated genes, respectively. The critical genes including four up-regulated and five down-regulated genes were detected from network analysis. GNRHR and Prolactin precursor (PRL) were among the most important down res 5 minutes after cardiac arrest and Beta-2 adrenergic receptor and Cadherin-1 were among the most important up regulated gens.

Conclusion: The introduced potential biomarkers could reveal a new molecular aspect for CPR performance and pituitary gland protection was highlighted in this respect.

Keywords: Biomarkers; Cardiac Arrest; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Gene Ontology; Protein Interaction Maps.

Figure 1

Log fold change (FC) of the 59 differentially expressed genes. Blue color: up-regulated genes; red color: down-regulated genes.

Figure 2

The main connected component of Protein-protein interaction network of the cardiac arrested pigs. The bigger size and the blue color nodes refer to higher degree value. The uncharacterized nodes are shown in the bottom right corner.