Validation of the Russian Version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-Ru) and Normative Data

. 2018 Oct 1;15(9-10):32-48.

Validation of the Russian Version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-Ru) and Normative Data

Evgenia Ivanova^{1

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15}, Anzalee Khan^{1

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15}, Lora Liharska^{1

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15}, Alexander Reznik^{1

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15}, Sergey Kuzmin^{1

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15}, Olga Kushnir^{1

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15}, Alexey Agarkov^{1

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15}, Nikolay Bokhan^{1

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15}, Tatiana Pogorelova^{1

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15}, Olga Khomenko^{1

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15}, Ksenia Chernysheva^{1

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15}, Margarita Morozova^{1

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15}, George Rupchev^{1

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15}, Alexander Ozornin^{1

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15}, Nina Ozornina^{1

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15}, Nikolay Govorin^{1

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15}, Anna Malakhova^{1

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15}, Natalia Hmara^{1

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15}, Oxana Shylova^{1

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15}, Lewis A Opler^{1

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Affiliations

¹ Drs. Ivanova and Khan and Ms. Liharska are with VeraSci (Neurocog Trials) in Durham, North Carolina.
² Dr. Ivanova is also with Cronos CCS in Lambertville, New Jersey.
³ Dr. Khan is also with Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research in Orangeburg, New York.
⁴ Dr. Reznik is with Moscow Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital No. 5 in Moscow, Russia.
⁵ Dr. Kuzmin is with the Smolensk Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital, Smolensk, Russia.
⁶ Dr. Kushnir is with St. Nicholas Psychiatric Hospital in St. Petersburg, Russia.
⁷ Drs. Agarkov, Bokhan, Pogorelova, Chernysheva, and Khomenko are with the Mental Health Research Institute of Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Tomsk, Russia.
⁸ Drs. Morozova, Lepilkina, and Rupchev are with the Mental Health Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Science in Moscow, Russia.
⁹ Drs. Ozornin and Ozornina are with Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital named after V.H. Kandinsky in Chita, Russia.
¹⁰ Dr. Govorin is with the Chita State Academy of Medicine in Chita, Russia.
¹¹ Dr. Malakhova is with the Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital in Ekaterinburg, Russia.
¹² Drs. Shylova and Hmara are with Gomel State Medical University in Gomel, Belarus.
¹³ Drs. Hryhoryeu, Ivanchikova, Raevskaya, and Gusak are with the Gomel Regional Psychiatric Hospital in Gomel, Belarus.
¹⁴ Dr. Skugarevskaya is with the Republican Research and Practical Center for Mental Health in Minsk, Belarus.
¹⁵ Dr. Opler was with Long Island University in Brooklyn, New York (deceased).

PMID: 30588364
PMCID: PMC6292716

Validation of the Russian Version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-Ru) and Normative Data

Evgenia Ivanova et al. Innov Clin Neurosci. 2018.

. 2018 Oct 1;15(9-10):32-48.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Drs. Ivanova and Khan and Ms. Liharska are with VeraSci (Neurocog Trials) in Durham, North Carolina.
² Dr. Ivanova is also with Cronos CCS in Lambertville, New Jersey.
³ Dr. Khan is also with Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research in Orangeburg, New York.
⁴ Dr. Reznik is with Moscow Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital No. 5 in Moscow, Russia.
⁵ Dr. Kuzmin is with the Smolensk Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital, Smolensk, Russia.
⁶ Dr. Kushnir is with St. Nicholas Psychiatric Hospital in St. Petersburg, Russia.
⁷ Drs. Agarkov, Bokhan, Pogorelova, Chernysheva, and Khomenko are with the Mental Health Research Institute of Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Tomsk, Russia.
⁸ Drs. Morozova, Lepilkina, and Rupchev are with the Mental Health Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Science in Moscow, Russia.
⁹ Drs. Ozornin and Ozornina are with Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital named after V.H. Kandinsky in Chita, Russia.
¹⁰ Dr. Govorin is with the Chita State Academy of Medicine in Chita, Russia.
¹¹ Dr. Malakhova is with the Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital in Ekaterinburg, Russia.
¹² Drs. Shylova and Hmara are with Gomel State Medical University in Gomel, Belarus.
¹³ Drs. Hryhoryeu, Ivanchikova, Raevskaya, and Gusak are with the Gomel Regional Psychiatric Hospital in Gomel, Belarus.
¹⁴ Dr. Skugarevskaya is with the Republican Research and Practical Center for Mental Health in Minsk, Belarus.
¹⁵ Dr. Opler was with Long Island University in Brooklyn, New York (deceased).

PMID: 30588364
PMCID: PMC6292716

Abstract

Objective: The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is widely used to assess psychopathology. The Russian version (PANSSRu) has not been validated, and normative data for the Russian-speaking population currently do not exist. The aims of this study were to 1) complete linguistic validation for the PANSSRu, 2) perform psychometric validation of the Russian translation, and 3) present norms for the Russian and Belarusian population. Design: Validation and norms of the PANSS-Ru occurred in three stages-Stage I: linguistic validation; Stage II: psychometric validation of the translated version for 40 inpatients with schizophrenia and other psychoses; and Stage III: norms for 533 census-matched inpatients, outpatients, and healthy control subjects. Results: The rating criteria (PANSS-Ru), interview guide (SCI-PANSSRu), informant questionnaire (IQ-PANSS-Ru), and scoring form (PANSS QuikScore-Ru) were linguistically and psychometrically validated. Convergent validity between the PANSS subscale scores and total score with the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity Scale (CGI-S) were moderate (r=0.41-0.60) to high (r=0.61-0.80). Cronbach's α (0.88) verified internal consistency, and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) comparisons had a range of 0.83. Percentile normative data collected from 533 subjects are presented. Conclusion: This is the largest population-based study providing linguistic and psychometric validation of the PANSS-Ru. Normative data can provide clinicians with a benchmark of psychopathology and inform the efficacy of treatment interventions.

Keywords: Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS); Russia-Belarus; Schizophrenia; normative data; psychometric validation.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

FUNDING:This study was financially supported by Prophase, LLC (New York, NY) from 2011 to 2015. DISCLOSURES:The authors have no conflicts of interest relevant to the content of this article.

Figures

**FIGURE 1.**
Comparison of PANSS-Ru score distributions on Positive Symptom subscale, Negative Symptom subscale, General Psychopathology subscale, and Total Score for control, inpatient, and outpatient groups

**APPENDIX 1C.**
Comparison of PANSS-Ru score distributions on Positive Symptoms subscale, Negative Symptoms subscale, General Psychopathology subscale, and Total Score for control group by age

**APPENDIX 1F.**
Comparison of PANSS-Ru score distributions on Positive Symptom subscale, Negative Symptom subscale, General Psychopathology subscale, and Total Score for inpatient group by age

**APPENDIX 1I.**
Comparison of PANSS-Ru score distributions on Positive Symptom subscale, Negative Symptom subscale, General Psychopathology subscale, and Total Score for outpatient group by age

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1. Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1987;13:261–276. - PubMed
1. Kay SR, Opler LA, Fiszbein A. Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems Inc; 2000. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Manual.
1. Perkins DO, Stroup TS, Lieberman JA, et al. Rush AJ, Pincus HA, First MB, et al. (eds). Handbook of Psychiatric Measures. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Press Inc.; 2000. Psychotic Disorders Measures.
1. Yamada H, Kikumoto K, Masui K, et al. Reliability of the Japanese version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Jpn J Clin Psych. 1993;22:609–614.
1. Yehya A, Ghuloum S, Mahfoud Z, et al. Validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Psychopathology. 2016;49:181–187. - PubMed

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[1] Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1987;13:261–276. - PubMed

[2] Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1987;13:261–276. - PubMed

[3] Kay SR, Opler LA, Fiszbein A. Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems Inc; 2000. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Manual.

[4] Kay SR, Opler LA, Fiszbein A. Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems Inc; 2000. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Manual.

[5] Perkins DO, Stroup TS, Lieberman JA, et al. Rush AJ, Pincus HA, First MB, et al. (eds). Handbook of Psychiatric Measures. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Press Inc.; 2000. Psychotic Disorders Measures.

[6] Perkins DO, Stroup TS, Lieberman JA, et al. Rush AJ, Pincus HA, First MB, et al. (eds). Handbook of Psychiatric Measures. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Press Inc.; 2000. Psychotic Disorders Measures.

[7] Yamada H, Kikumoto K, Masui K, et al. Reliability of the Japanese version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Jpn J Clin Psych. 1993;22:609–614.

[8] Yamada H, Kikumoto K, Masui K, et al. Reliability of the Japanese version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Jpn J Clin Psych. 1993;22:609–614.

[9] Yehya A, Ghuloum S, Mahfoud Z, et al. Validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Psychopathology. 2016;49:181–187. - PubMed

[10] Yehya A, Ghuloum S, Mahfoud Z, et al. Validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Psychopathology. 2016;49:181–187. - PubMed

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Validation of the Russian Version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-Ru) and Normative Data

Affiliations

Validation of the Russian Version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-Ru) and Normative Data

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

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References

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