Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Meta-Analysis
. 2019 Jun;43(3):302-318.
doi: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0062. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Effectiveness of Exercise Intervention in Reducing Body Weight and Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ji Eun Jang  1   2 , Yongin Cho  3 , Byung Wan Lee  4 , Ein Soon Shin  5 , Sun Hee Lee  6
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Effectiveness of Exercise Intervention in Reducing Body Weight and Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ji Eun Jang et al. Diabetes Metab J. 2019 Jun.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of exercise intervention in reducing body weight and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Korea.

Methods: Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, KoreaMed, KMbase, NDSL, KCI, RISS, and DBpia databases were used to search randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials that compared exercise with non-exercise intervention among patients with non-insulin-treated T2DM in Korea. The effectiveness of exercise intervention was estimated by the mean difference in body weight changes and HbA1c level. Weighted mean difference (WMD) with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as the effect size. The pooled mean differences of outcomes were calculated using a random-effects model.

Results: We identified 7,692 studies through literature search and selected 23 articles (723 participants). Compared with the control group, exercise intervention (17 studies) was associated with a significant decline in HbA1c level (WMD, -0.58%; 95% CI, -0.89 to -0.27; I²=73%). Although no significant effectiveness on body weight was observed, eight aerobic training studies showed a significant reduction in body weight (WMD, -2.25 kg; 95% CI, -4.36 to -0.13; I²=17%) in the subgroup analysis.

Conclusion: Exercise significantly improves glycemic control; however, it does not significantly reduce body weight. Aerobic training can be beneficial for patients with non-insulin-treated T2DM in Korea.

Keywords: Body weight; Exercise therapy; Glycated hemoglobin A; Meta-analysis; Review.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Flowchart of the study selection.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Effect of exercise intervention versus non-intervention on body weight (changes from baseline) in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The squares indicate the study-specific outcome estimates, and the size of the squares corresponds to the study's weight in the meta-analysis. Horizontal lines denote the range of the 95% confidence interval (CI). The diamonds indicate pooled estimates. Weights are from random-effects analysis. SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Effect of exercise intervention versus non-intervention on glycosylated hemoglobin level (changes from baseline) in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance; CI, confidence interval.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. Subgroup analysis based on the type of exercise for body weight. SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance; CI, confidence interval.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5. Subgroup analysis based on the type of exercise for glycosylated hemoglobin level. SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance; CI, confidence interval.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. World Health Organization. Global report on diabetes 2016. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016.
    1. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Korean Academy of Medical Sciences. 2017 Report for Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. [updated 2017 Nov 9]. Available from: https://knhanes.cdc.go.kr/knhanes/sub04/sub04_04.do.
    1. Li G, Zhang P, Wang J, Gregg EW, Yang W, Gong Q, Li H, Li H, Jiang Y, An Y, Shuai Y, Zhang B, Zhang J, Thompson TJ, Gerzoff RB, Roglic G, Hu Y, Bennett PH. The long-term effect of lifestyle interventions to prevent diabetes in the China Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Study: a 20-year follow-up study. Lancet. 2008;371:1783–1789. - PubMed
    1. Lindstrom J, Ilanne-Parikka P, Peltonen M, Aunola S, Eriksson JG, Hemio K, Hamalainen H, Harkonen P, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S, Laakso M, Louheranta A, Mannelin M, Paturi M, Sundvall J, Valle TT, Uusitupa M, Tuomilehto J Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study Group. Sustained reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes by lifestyle intervention: follow-up of the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. Lancet. 2006;368:1673–1679. - PubMed
    1. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Knowler WC, Fowler SE, Hamman RF, Christophi CA, Hoffman HJ, Brenne-man AT, Brown-Friday JO, Goldberg R, Venditti E, Nathan DM. 10-Year follow-up of diabetes incidence and weight loss in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study. Lancet. 2009;374:1677–1686. - PMC - PubMed

Substances