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Review
. 2018 Aug;18(3):e264-e277.
doi: 10.18295/squmj.2018.18.03.002. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Sources and Clinical Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: State-of-the-art review

Roberto Berebichez-Fridman  1   2 , Pablo R Montero-Olvera  2
Affiliations
Review

Sources and Clinical Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: State-of-the-art review

Roberto Berebichez-Fridman et al. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2018 Aug.

Abstract

First discovered by Friedenstein in 1976, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells found throughout the body that share a fixed set of characteristics. Discovered initially in the bone marrow, this cell source is considered the gold standard for clinical research, although various other sources-including adipose tissue, dental pulp, mobilised peripheral blood and birth-derived tissues-have since been identified. Although similar, MSCs derived from different sources possess distinct characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, including their differentiation potential and proliferation capacity, which influence their applicability. Hence, they may be used for specific clinical applications in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. This review article summarises current knowledge regarding the various sources, characteristics and therapeutic applications of MSCs.

Keywords: Adult Stem Cells; Cell Differentiation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Regenerative Medicine; Tissue Engineering.

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