Lower grip strength and dynamic body balance in women with distal radial fractures

Abstract

In this case-control study, we concluded that women with distal radial fractures who were surgically treated showed lower grip strength and dynamic body balancing than those of controls. These results suggest that measurements of grip strength and dynamic body balance may be useful screening tools to assess future fracture risk.

Introduction: Patients with distal radial fractures (DRFs) are at risk of future fragility fractures. However, their physical characteristics and tendencies for falls remain unclear. We aimed to compare the physical characteristics of women with and without distal radial fractures.

Methods: We included 128 women with a DRF as their first fragility fracture (fracture group) who underwent surgical treatment. Concurrently, 128 age- and sex-matched participants without a history of fragility fractures were selected as controls (control group). The participants underwent assessments of grip strength and the body balancing ability test. Measurements were taken twice in the fracture group, at 2 weeks and 6 months postoperatively, and once in the control group. The body balancing ability test included the Functional Reach Test, Timed Up and Go test (TUG), 2-Step test (2ST), and Timed Uni-pedal Stance test. The participants also completed questionnaires about their health.

Results: There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in patient characteristics between the groups. The fracture group showed lower grip strength across all age groups. In the DRF group, prolonged TUG time was observed at 2 weeks postoperatively in all age groups and at 6 months in participants aged 55-74 years; the 2ST score was significantly lower in participants aged between 65 and 74 years.

Conclusions: Women with DRF demonstrated lower grip strength and dynamic body balancing ability. Lower grip strength and dynamic body balancing ability were identified as significant risk factors in women with DRF, suggesting that these may be useful screening tools to assess fracture risk.

Keywords: Distal radial fracture; Fall tendency; Grip strength; TUG.

Fig. 1

Comparison of the results of TUS between the three groups: control group, fracture group at 2 weeks after surgery, and fracture group at 6 months after surgery. TUS was measured in seconds. Values are plotted as median values and standard deviations. w, weeks; m, months; TUS, Timed Uni-pedal stance test

Fig. 2

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for grip strength. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for grip strength of all participants. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.821 (95% confidence interval = 0.77–0.872, P < 0.0001