HIV Prevalence Among Tuberculosis Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- PMID: 30607755
- DOI: 10.1007/s10461-018-02386-4
HIV Prevalence Among Tuberculosis Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Abstract
HIV associated tuberculosis (TB) morbidity and mortality is a major concern in sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding the level of HIV infection among TB patients is vital for adequate response. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of HIV in TB patients in sub-Saharan Africa. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL databases. A meta-analysis with a random-effects model was performed. Potential sources of heterogeneity in the prevalence estimates were explored using meta-regression analysis. We identified 68 studies that collectively included 62,969 TB patients between 1990 and 2017. The overall estimate of HIV prevalence in TB patients was 31.8% (95% CI 27.8-36.1). There was substantial heterogeneity in the prevalence estimates in Southern, Central, Eastern, and Western sub-Saharan Africa regions (43.7, 41.3, 31.1 and 25.5%, respectively). We noted an apparent reduction in the estimate from 33.7% (95% CI 27.6-40.4) in the period before 2000 to 25.7% (95% CI 17.6-336.6) in the period after 2010. The Eastern and Southern sub-Saharan Africa region had higher prevalence [34.4% (95% CI 29.3-34.4)] than the Western and Central region [27.3% (95% CI 21.6-33.8)]. The prevalence of HIV in TB patients has declined over time in sub-Saharan Africa. We argue that this is due to strengthened HIV prevention and control response and enhanced TB/HIV collaborative activities. Countries and regions with high burdens of HIV and TB should strengthen and sustain efforts in order to achieve the goal of ending both HIV and TB epidemics in line with the Sustainable Development Goals.
Keywords: HIV; Meta-analysis; Prevalence; Sub-Saharan Africa; TB.
Similar articles
-
Epidemiology of malaria among HIV/AIDS patients in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Acta Trop. 2021 Mar;215:105798. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105798. Epub 2020 Dec 17. Acta Trop. 2021. PMID: 33340524
-
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among tuberculosis patients in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Mar 13;19(1):254. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-3892-8. BMC Infect Dis. 2019. PMID: 30866836 Free PMC article.
-
Demography and the dual epidemics of tuberculosis and HIV: Analysis of cross-sectional data from Sub-Saharan Africa.PLoS One. 2018 Sep 7;13(9):e0191387. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191387. eCollection 2018. PLoS One. 2018. PMID: 30192746 Free PMC article.
-
Tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: a regional assessment of the impact of the human immunodeficiency virus and National Tuberculosis Control Program quality.Tuber Lung Dis. 1996 Jun;77(3):220-5. doi: 10.1016/s0962-8479(96)90004-0. Tuber Lung Dis. 1996. PMID: 8758104
-
Postmortem for Intensified Missed Tuberculosis Case Finding in High Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Tuberculosis-burdened Settings in Sub-Saharan Africa among Adults' Population: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Int J Mycobacteriol. 2024 Apr 1;13(2):126-132. doi: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_41_24. Epub 2024 Jun 15. Int J Mycobacteriol. 2024. PMID: 38916381
Cited by
-
Sputum smear conversion and associated factors among smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a longitudinal study.BMC Pulm Med. 2021 Apr 8;21(1):118. doi: 10.1186/s12890-021-01483-w. BMC Pulm Med. 2021. PMID: 33832466 Free PMC article.
-
Winter Is Coming: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective of the Environmental Drivers of SARS-CoV-2 and the Potential Seasonality of COVID-19.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Aug 5;17(16):5634. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165634. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020. PMID: 32764257 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Trends in prevalent TB among persons enrolling for HIV care before and after 'Test and Treat' across East-Africa.IJTLD Open. 2025 Jun 13;2(6):359-365. doi: 10.5588/ijtldopen.24.0687. eCollection 2025 Jun. IJTLD Open. 2025. PMID: 40530380 Free PMC article.
-
Addressing TB multimorbidity in policy and practice: An exploratory survey of TB providers in 27 high-TB burden countries.PLOS Glob Public Health. 2022 Dec 7;2(12):e0001205. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001205. eCollection 2022. PLOS Glob Public Health. 2022. PMID: 36962813 Free PMC article.
-
Five-year tuberculosis trends analysis in eight districts of Mwanza region, Tanzania; (2017-2021).BMC Public Health. 2024 Nov 19;24(1):3218. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20684-6. BMC Public Health. 2024. PMID: 39563288 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical