Molecular evidence of role of vitamin D deficiency in various extraskeletal diseases

Abstract

Background: Role of vitamin D is not only limited to skeletal system but various other systems of the body, such as immune system, endocrine system, and cardiopulmonary system.

Materials and methods: It is supported by the confirmations of systems-wide expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR), endocrinal effect of calcitriol, and its role in immune responses.

Results: Expression of VDR in various systems, immunoregulatory and hormonal response of vitamin D and deficiency of vitamin D may establish various pathologies in the body.

Conclusion: This review provides molecular evidence of relation of vitamin D with extra skeletal.

Keywords: 25(OH)D; calcitriol; extra skeletal manifestations; immune response; vitamin D; vitamin D receptor.