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. 2019 Jun;64(6):415-422.
doi: 10.1177/0706743718802798. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Gender Differences in Research Productivity among Academic Psychiatrists in Canada

Affiliations

Gender Differences in Research Productivity among Academic Psychiatrists in Canada

Sarah Chauvin et al. Can J Psychiatry. 2019 Jun.

Abstract

Objectives: Gender inequity in academic medicine persists despite increases in the number of women physicians. We sought to explore gender differences in research productivity for academic psychiatrists in Canada.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study of the 3379 psychiatrists in all 17 university departments of psychiatry in Canada, research productivity, as measured by the h-index and number of publications, was compared between women and men using a negative log binomial regression model to generate relative rates (RRs), adjusted for career duration (aRR). Findings were stratified by academic rank, institution region, and institution size. A subanalysis of those with 10 or more publications was conducted as a proxy for identifying physicians on a research track.

Results: Women (43% of the sample) had a lower mean (standard deviation) h-index than men (2.87 [6.49] vs. 5.31 [11.1]; aRR, 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54 to 0.72). Differences were significant only for junior faculty and not for associate and full professors. Comparison by number of publications followed a similar pattern (aRR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.55). Among those with 10 or more publications (n = 721), differences between men and women were smaller than in the overall cohort for both the h-index (aRR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.87) and number of publications (aRR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.72).

Conclusions: Gender differences in research productivity at the national level in academic psychiatry in Canada support a call to adopt a more systematic approach to promoting equitable opportunities for women in research, especially in early career, to improve diversity and enhance future psychiatric research and discovery.

Objectifs :: L’inégalité entre les sexes en médecine universitaire persiste malgré l’augmentation du nombre de femmes médecins. Nous avons entrepris d’explorer les différences entre les sexes relativement à la productivité en recherche chez les psychiatres universitaires du Canada.

Méthodes :: Dans une étude transversale menée auprès de 3379 psychiatres des 17 départements de psychiatrie universitaires du Canada, la productivité en recherche, telle qu’elle est mesurée par l’indice h et le nombre de publications, était comparée entre les femmes et les hommes à l’aide d’un modèle de régression binomiale négative log afin de générer des taux relatifs (TR), ajustés selon la durée de la carrière (TRa). Les résultats ont été stratifiés par rang universitaire, région de l’institution, et taille de l’institution. Une sous-analyse des sujets comptant 10 publications ou plus a été menée à titre de substitut pour identifier les médecins qui sont en voie de recherche.

Résultats :: Les femmes (43% de l’échantillon) avaient une moyenne d’indice h plus faible que celle des hommes, 2,87 (écart type, ET 6,49) contre 5,31 (ET 11,1); TRa 0,62; IC à 95% 0,54 à 0,72). Les différences étaient significatives seulement chez les professeurs en début de carrière et pas chez les professeurs agrégés ou titulaires. La comparaison par nombre de publications a suivi un modèle semblable (TRa 0,46; IC à 95% 0,39 à 0,55). Chez ceux qui comptaient 10 publications ou plus (n = 721), les différences entre les hommes et les femmes étaient plus faibles que dans la cohorte générale, tant pour l’indice h (TRa 0,77; IC à 95% 0,68 à 0,87) que pour le nombre de publications (TRa 0,62; IC à 95% 0,53 à 0,72).

Conclusions :: Les différences de productivité en recherche entre les sexes à l’échelle nationale dans la psychiatrie universitaire au Canada pourraient justifier une demande d’adoption d’une approche plus systématique en vue de promouvoir des possibilités équitables pour les femmes en recherche, surtout en début de carrière, afin d’améliorer la diversité et d’accroître la recherche et la découverte futures en psychiatrie.

Keywords: academic rank; gender; h-index; psychiatry; research productivity.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Regional comparisons of h-index and number of publications adjusted for career duration. Men represent the referent group. Mean and SD are reported in parentheses.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Comparisons of h-index and number of publications across faculty size, adjusted for career duration. Men represent the referent group. Mean (SD) are reported in parentheses.

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