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. 2018 Dec 27;48(6):373-382.
doi: 10.5051/jpis.2018.48.6.373. eCollection 2018 Dec.

Effects of various prophylactic procedures on titanium surfaces and biofilm formation

Anna Di Salle  1 , Gianrico Spagnuolo  2   3 , Raffaele Conte  1 , Alfredo Procino  2 , Gianfranco Peluso  1 , Carlo Rengo  2
Affiliations

Effects of various prophylactic procedures on titanium surfaces and biofilm formation

Anna Di Salle et al. J Periodontal Implant Sci. .

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various prophylactic treatments of titanium implants on bacterial biofilm formation, correlating surface modifications with the biofilms produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, Staphylococcus aureus, and bacteria isolated from saliva.

Methods: Pure titanium disks were treated with various prophylactic procedures, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to determine the degree to which surface roughness was modified. To evaluate antibiofilm activity, we used P. aeruginosa PAO1, S. aureus, and saliva-isolated Streptococcus spp., Bacteroides fragilis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Results: AFM showed that the surface roughness increased after using the air-polishing device and ultrasonic scaler, while a significant reduction was observed after using a curette or polishing with Detartrine ZTM (DZ) abrasive paste. In addition, we only observed a significant (P<0.01) reduction in biofilm formation on the DZ-treated implant surfaces.

Conclusion: In this study, both AFM and antibiofilm analyses indicated that using DZ abrasive paste could be considered as the prophylactic procedure of choice for managing peri-implant lesions and for therapy-resistant cases of periodontitis.

Keywords: Bacterial biofilm; Peri-implant diseases; Prophylactic procedures; Titanium.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Representative 3-dimensional atomic force microscopy images of the titanium disk surfaces.
Control: pure titanium disk, DZ: abrasive paste for polishing (Detartrine ZTM) with a silicon rubber cup, ultrasonic scaler: ultrasonic scaler EMS with a conventional stainless-steel tip, curette: stainless-steel Gracey curette, air-polishing device: AIRFLOW® with glycine powder.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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