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. 2019 Jan 10;19(1):46.
doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-5267-3.

Trends in the incidence and mortality of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder for the last four decades in the USA: a SEER-based analysis

Muneer J Al-Husseini  1 , Ahmad Kunbaz  2 , Anas M Saad  3 , João Vasco Santos  4   5   6 , Sami Salahia  1 , Marium Iqbal  7 , Fares Alahdab  8
Affiliations

Trends in the incidence and mortality of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder for the last four decades in the USA: a SEER-based analysis

Muneer J Al-Husseini et al. BMC Cancer. .

Abstract

Background: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) accounts for around 95% of bladder cancers and is the 4th most common cancer among men and the tenth most common in women, in the US. There is a constant need to clarify current TCC incidence and mortality rates among different population groups for better clinical practice guidelines. We aimed to describe the TCC incidence and incidence-based mortality by demographic and tumor-related characteristics over the last 40 years in the US.

Methods: We obtained data from the SEER 18 registries to study TCC cases that were diagnosed between the years 1973 and 2014. We calculated incidence rates and incidence-based mortality rates in different demographic and tumor-related characteristics and expressed rates by 100,000 person-years. We then calculated the annual changes in incidence and incidence-based mortality rates and displayed them as annual percent changes (APCs).

Results: There were 182,114 patients with TCC between 1973 and 2014 in the United States. Overall incidence rates of TCC increased 0.16% (95% CI, 0.02-0.30, p = .02) per year over the study period. However, the incidence declined significantly since 2007; (95%CI,-1.89- -0.77, p < .001), except among the elderly and African Americans, which increased significantly over the study period. Overall TCC mortality rates did not change over the study period. However, since 2000 it started to decrease significantly.

Conclusion: TCC incidence and incidence-based mortality rates had been showing significant increases over the previous decades. However, significant declines in both incidence and incidence-based mortality rates have been observed over the recent years, except in some patients with certain racial groups. Improved understanding of the etiological and ecological factors of TCC could lead to further declines in incidence and incidence-based mortality rates.

Keywords: Bladder cancer; Incidence; Mortality; SEER; Transitional cell carcinoma.

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Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

We got approval from the National Cancer Institute to use data of patient from SEER database. Participant consent was not necessary as this study involved the use of a previously-published de-identified database according to SEER database.

Consent for publication

Not applicable

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Trends in annual transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder incidence (1973–2014). a Overall transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder incidence trends, and incidence trends by sex. b Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder incidence trends by race. c Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder incidence trends by age. d Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder incidence trends by stage
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Trends in annual transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder incidence- based mortality (1973–2014). a Overall transitional cell carcinoma incidence-based mortality trends, and incidence-based mortality trends by sex. b Transitional cell carcinoma incidence-based mortality trends by race. c Transitional cell carcinoma incidence-based mortality trends by age. d Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder incidence-based mortality trends by stage
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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