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. 2019 May-Jun;21(3):304-308.
doi: 10.4103/aja.aja_106_18.

Clinical and socioeconomic factors associated with delayed orchidopexy in cryptorchid boys in China: a retrospective study of 2423 cases

Tian-Xin Zhao  1   2   3   4   5 , Bin Liu  2   3   4   5 , Yue-Xin Wei  1   2   3   4 , Yi Wei  1   2   3   5 , Xiang-Liang Tang  3   4   5 , Lian-Ju Shen  2   3   4   5 , Chun-Lan Long  2   3   4   5 , Tao Lin  1   2   4 , Sheng-De Wu  1   2   3   4   5 , Guang-Hui Wei  1   2   3   4   5
Affiliations

Clinical and socioeconomic factors associated with delayed orchidopexy in cryptorchid boys in China: a retrospective study of 2423 cases

Tian-Xin Zhao et al. Asian J Androl. 2019 May-Jun.

Abstract

We investigated the associations of clinical and socioeconomic factors with delayed orchidopexy for cryptorchidism in China. A retrospective study was conducted on cryptorchid boys who underwent orchidopexy at Children's Hospital at Chongqing Medical University in China from January 2012 to December 2017. Of 2423 patients, 410 (16.9%) received timely repair by 18 months of age, beyond which surgery was considered delayed. Univariate analysis suggested that the laterality of cryptorchidism (P = 0.001), comorbidities including inguinal hernia/scrotal hydrocele (P < 0.001) or urinary tract disease (P = 0.016), and whether patients lived in a poverty county (P < 0.001) could influence whether orchidopexy was timely or delayed. Logistic regression analysis suggested that the following factors were associated with delayed repair: unilateral rather than bilateral cryptorchidism (odds ratio [OR] = 1.752, P < 0.001), absence of inguinal hernia or hydrocele (OR = 2.027, P = 0.019), absence of urinary tract disease (OR = 3.712, P < 0.001), and living in a poverty county (OR = 2.005, P < 0.001). The duration of postoperative hospital stay and hospital costs increased with the patient's age at the time of surgery.

Keywords: birth defect; children; congenital disorder; cryptorchidism; orchidopexy; poverty.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of the retrospective protocol.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Percentages of cryptorchid boys receiving primary orchidopexy from 2012 to 2017 by age category.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Spearman's correlation analysis of (a) postoperative hospital stay and (b) hospital costs by age category from 2012 to 2017. USD: United States dollar.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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