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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2019 Jan 17;11(1):187.
doi: 10.3390/nu11010187.

Glucose Response during the Night Is Suppressed by Wheat Albumin in Healthy Participants: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Shinichiro Saito  1 , Sachiko Oishi  2 , Aiko Shudo  3 , Yoko Sugiura  4 , Koichi Yasunaga  5
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Glucose Response during the Night Is Suppressed by Wheat Albumin in Healthy Participants: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Shinichiro Saito et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Postprandial blood glucose excursions are important for achieving optimal glycemic control. In normal-weight individuals, glucose tolerance is diminished in the evening compared to glucose tolerance in the morning. Wheat albumin (WA) has the potential to suppress the postprandial glucose response with a relatively small dose, compared to the dose required when using dietary fiber. In the present study, the effect of WA on glycemic control during the night was investigated after a late evening meal. A randomly assigned crossover trial involving a single oral ingestion in healthy male participants was performed in a double-blind placebo-controlled manner. The participants ingested the placebo (PL) tablets or the WA (1.5 g)-containing tablets 3 min before an evening meal at 22:00 hour, and blood samples were drawn during the night until 07:00 hour using an intravenous cannula. The participants slept from 00:30 hour to 06:30 hour. Glucose response, as a primary outcome during the night, was suppressed significantly by the WA treatment compared to the PL treatment, but the insulin response was not. Plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide concentration during the night was lowered significantly by the WA treatment compared to the PL treatment. In conclusion, WA may be a useful food constituent for glycemic control during the night.

Keywords: glucose; human; night; postprandial; wheat albumin.

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Conflict of interest statement

Authors are employees of the Kao Corporation. The test tablets were prepared by the Kao Corporation.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The study protocol.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Changes in the blood glucose level during the night following the placebo (PL) (broken line, n = 20) and wheat albumin (WA) treatments (solid line, n = 20). (Left) Changes in the blood glucose response. (Right) The AUC of the blood glucose level for 9 h from 22:00 hour to 7:00 hour. Data are the mean ± standard error. Significant differences between the treatments: * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Changes in the blood insulin level during the night between the PL (broken line, n = 20) and the WA treatments (solid line, n = 20). (Left) Changes in the blood insulin response. (Right) The AUC of the blood insulin level for 9 h from 22:00 hour to 7:00 hour. Data are the mean ± standard error. Significant differences between the treatments: * p < 0.05.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Changes in the blood glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) level during the night between the PL (broken line, n = 20) and WA treatments (solid line, n = 20). (Left) Changes in the blood GIP response. (Right) The AUC of the blood GIP level for 9 h from 22:00 hour to 7:00 hour. Data are the mean ± standard error.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Changes in the blood active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) level during the night between the PL (broken line, n = 20) and the WA treatments (solid line, n = 20). (Left) Changes in the blood GLP-1 response. (Right) The AUC of the blood GLP-1 level for 9 h from 22:00 hour to 7:00 hour. Data are the mean ± standard error.
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