Psychosocial Concerns Following Bariatric Surgery: Current Status

Abstract

Purpose of review: The purpose of this paper is to review the current status of research on psychosocial concerns following bariatric surgery.

Recent findings: Bariatric surgery has a positive overall impact on weight and obesity-related comorbidities, as well as a positive short-term impact on mental health and psychosocial functioning. Nonetheless, research has documented a number of different psychosocial concerns that may emerge following surgery including maladaptive eating, substance use disorders, suicide, lack of social support, and excess skin. Moreover, special populations of patients may have distinctive psychosocial concerns based on sociodemographic factors such as age or severity of obesity. Available studies suggest that psychosocial interventions have a positive impact on post-surgery outcomes, particularly maladaptive eating. However, research is limited, and long-term data are lacking. Monitoring patients after bariatric surgery for negative psychosocial outcomes is warranted. Research is needed to develop and evaluate personalized approaches to optimize long-term weight loss and psychosocial adjustment.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Maladaptive eating; Psychosocial factors; Social support; Substance use; Suicide.