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Review
. 2019 Jan 18;8(1):28.
doi: 10.3390/antiox8010028.

Oxidative Stress and Nutraceuticals in the Modulation of the Immune Function: Current Knowledge in Animals of Veterinary Interest

Monica Colitti  1 , Bruno Stefanon  2 , Gianfranco Gabai  3 , Maria Elena Gelain  4 , Federico Bonsembiante  5
Affiliations
Review

Oxidative Stress and Nutraceuticals in the Modulation of the Immune Function: Current Knowledge in Animals of Veterinary Interest

Monica Colitti et al. Antioxidants (Basel). .

Abstract

In the veterinary sector, many papers deal with the relationships between inflammation and oxidative stress. However, few studies investigate the mechanisms of action of oxidised molecules in the regulation of immune cells. Thus, authors often assume that these events, sometime leading to oxidative stress, are conserved among species. The aim of this review is to draw the state-of-the-art of the current knowledge about the role of oxidised molecules and dietary antioxidant compounds in the regulation of the immune cell functions and suggest some perspectives for future investigations in animals of veterinary interest.

Keywords: immune system; nutraceutical; reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS); regulation; veterinary medicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation of the relationship among inflammation, oxidative stress, and leukocytes. ROS = reactive oxygen species; ECM = extracellular matrix; RNS: reactive nitrogen species.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation via the KELCH domain of the KEAP1 homodimer is prevailing in basal conditions. After oxidative stress, Nrf2 is released and translocated to the nucleus where it activates genes with ARE in the promoter region (modified from [135]). KEAP1: Kelch-like ECH associated protein; Nrf2: NF-E2 p45-related factor 2; ARE: antioxidant response element; MAF: musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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