Review of Biomarkers in Ocular Matrices: Challenges and Opportunities

doi:10.1007/s11095-019-2569-8

Review

. 2019 Jan 23;36(3):40.

doi: 10.1007/s11095-019-2569-8.

Review of Biomarkers in Ocular Matrices: Challenges and Opportunities

Mitalee Tamhane¹, Sara Cabrera-Ghayouri², Grigor Abelian³, Veena Viswanath²

Affiliations

¹ Clinical Pharmacology, Allergan plc, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, California, 92612, USA. tamhane_mitalee@allergan.com.
² Biological Research, Allergan plc, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, California, 92612, USA.
³ Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrence Township, New Jersey, 08648, USA.

PMID: 30673862
PMCID: PMC6344398
DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2569-8

Review

Review of Biomarkers in Ocular Matrices: Challenges and Opportunities

Mitalee Tamhane et al. Pharm Res. 2019.

. 2019 Jan 23;36(3):40.

doi: 10.1007/s11095-019-2569-8.

Authors

Mitalee Tamhane¹, Sara Cabrera-Ghayouri², Grigor Abelian³, Veena Viswanath²

Affiliations

¹ Clinical Pharmacology, Allergan plc, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, California, 92612, USA. tamhane_mitalee@allergan.com.
² Biological Research, Allergan plc, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, California, 92612, USA.
³ Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrence Township, New Jersey, 08648, USA.

PMID: 30673862
PMCID: PMC6344398
DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2569-8

Abstract

Biomarkers provide a powerful and dynamic approach to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying ocular diseases with applications in diagnosis, disease modulation or for predicting and monitoring of clinical response to treatment. Defined as measurable indicator of normal or pathological processes, biomarker evaluation has been used extensively in drug development within clinical settings to better comprehend effectiveness of treatment in ocular diseases. Biomarkers in the eye have the advantage of access to multiple ocular matrices via minimally invasive methods. Repeat sampling for biomarker assessment has enabled reproducible objective measures of disease process or biological responses to a drug treatment. This review describes the usage of biomarkers with respect to four commonly sampled ocular matrices in clinic: tears, conjunctiva, aqueous humor and vitreous. Issues that affect the evaluation of biomarkers are discussed along with opportunities to leverage biomarkers such that ultimately, they can be used for customized targeted therapy.

Keywords: aqueous humor; biomarkers; conjunctiva; ocular diseases; tears; vitreous.

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References

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[1] Stern ME, Beuerman RW, Fox RI, Gao J, Mircheff AK, Pflugfelder SC. The pathology of dry eye: the interaction between the ocular surface and lacrimal glands. Cornea. 1998;17(6):584–589. - PubMed

[2] Stern ME, Beuerman RW, Fox RI, Gao J, Mircheff AK, Pflugfelder SC. The pathology of dry eye: the interaction between the ocular surface and lacrimal glands. Cornea. 1998;17(6):584–589. - PubMed

[3] Patil BB, Dowd TC. Physiological functions of the eye. Curr Anaesth Crit Care. 2000;11(6):293–298.

[4] Patil BB, Dowd TC. Physiological functions of the eye. Curr Anaesth Crit Care. 2000;11(6):293–298.

[5] Ramos MF, Teixeira L, Brandt CR, Auyeung-Kim D. Immunopathology in toxicology and drug development. Parker G, editor 2017. 695–762 p.

[6] Ramos MF, Teixeira L, Brandt CR, Auyeung-Kim D. Immunopathology in toxicology and drug development. Parker G, editor 2017. 695–762 p.

[7] Cholkar K, Dasari SR, Pal D, Mitra AK. 1 - Eye: anatomy, physiology and barriers to drug delivery. In: Mitra AK, editor. Ocular transporters and receptors: Woodhead Publishing; 2013. p. 1–36.

[8] Cholkar K, Dasari SR, Pal D, Mitra AK. 1 - Eye: anatomy, physiology and barriers to drug delivery. In: Mitra AK, editor. Ocular transporters and receptors: Woodhead Publishing; 2013. p. 1–36.

[9] Biomarkers Definitions Working Group. Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints: preferred definitions and conceptual framework. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001;69(3):89–95. 10.1067/mcp.2001.113989. - PubMed

[10] Biomarkers Definitions Working Group. Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints: preferred definitions and conceptual framework. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001;69(3):89–95. 10.1067/mcp.2001.113989. - PubMed

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Review of Biomarkers in Ocular Matrices: Challenges and Opportunities

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Review of Biomarkers in Ocular Matrices: Challenges and Opportunities

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