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. 2019 Aug;31(1):107-115.
doi: 10.1007/s12028-019-00669-9.

Venous and arterial TNF-R1 predicts outcome and complications in acute subarachnoid hemorrhage

Isabel Fragata  1 , Alejandro Bustamante  2 , Anna Penalba  2 , Patrícia Ferreira  3 , Ana Paiva Nunes  3 , Patrícia Canhão  4   5 , Joan Montaner  2   6   7
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Free article

Venous and arterial TNF-R1 predicts outcome and complications in acute subarachnoid hemorrhage

Isabel Fragata et al. Neurocrit Care. 2019 Aug.
Free article

Abstract

Background: There is increasing evidence for the role of inflammation in clinical outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Specifically, the TNF-alfa(α) pathway seems to be relevant after SAH. Although the TNF-α main receptor, TNF-R1 is associated with aneurysm growth and rupture, its relation to prognosis is unknown. We sought to compare TNF-R1 levels in peripheral venous blood and arterial blood closer to the ruptured aneurysm to study the association of TNF-R1 blood levels with poor prognosis (modified Rankin Scale > 2 at discharge, 3 and 6 months) and complications (hydrocephalus or delayed cerebral ischemia/DCI) following SAH.

Methods: We included consecutive SAH patients admitted in the first 72 h of symptoms. Blood samples were simultaneously collected from a peripheral vein and from the main parent artery of the aneurysm. Levels of TNF-R1 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Results: We analyzed 58 patients. Arterial and venous levels of TNF-R1 were correlated (R = 0.706, p < 0.001). In multivariate regression analysis, venous TNF-R1 was an independent predictor of poor outcome at 6 months after adjusting by age and sex [odds ratio (OR) 11.63; 95% CI 2.09-64.7, p = 0.005] and after adjusting by Glasgow Coma Scale and Fisher scales (OR 8.74; 95% CI 1.45-52.7, p = 0.018). There was no association of TNF-R1 with DCI. A cut-off for arterial TNF-R1 of 1523.7 pg/mL had 75% sensitivity/66% specificity for the prediction of hydrocephalus.

Conclusion: Levels of venous TNF-R1 are associated with poor outcome in SAH. A specific association was found between levels of arterial TNF-R1 and hydrocephalus. These results are consistent with the role of TNF-α pathway in SAH and need to be validated in larger cohorts.

Keywords: Delayed cerebral ischemia; Hydrocephalus; Prognosis; Subarachnoid hemorrhage; TNF-R1.

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