Genetic and environmental risk factors for chronic kidney disease

Gregorio T Obrador¹, Ulla T Schultheiss^{2

3}, Matthias Kretzler^{4

5}, Robyn G Langham⁶, Masaomi Nangaku⁷, Roberto Pecoits-Filho⁸, Carol Pollock⁹, Jerome Rossert¹⁰, Ricardo Correa-Rotter¹¹, Peter Stenvinkel¹², Robert Walker¹³, Chih-Wei Yang¹⁴, Caroline S Fox¹⁵, Anna Köttgen²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Public Health, Universidad Panamericana School of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico.
² Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
³ Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.
⁴ Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
⁵ Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
⁶ Monash Rural Health, Monash University, Clayton VIC, Australia.
⁷ Department of Hemodialysis and Apheresis, Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
⁸ Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
⁹ Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
¹⁰ Thrasos Therapeutics, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
¹¹ Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zuibrán, Mexico City, Mexico.
¹² Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
¹³ Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
¹⁴ Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
¹⁵ Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

PMID: 30675423
PMCID: PMC6341015
DOI: 10.1016/j.kisu.2017.07.004

Review

Genetic and environmental risk factors for chronic kidney disease

Gregorio T Obrador et al. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2017 Oct.

. 2017 Oct;7(2):88-106.

doi: 10.1016/j.kisu.2017.07.004. Epub 2017 Sep 20.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Public Health, Universidad Panamericana School of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico.
² Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
³ Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.
⁴ Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
⁵ Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
⁶ Monash Rural Health, Monash University, Clayton VIC, Australia.
⁷ Department of Hemodialysis and Apheresis, Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
⁸ Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
⁹ Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
¹⁰ Thrasos Therapeutics, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
¹¹ Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zuibrán, Mexico City, Mexico.
¹² Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
¹³ Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
¹⁴ Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
¹⁵ Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

PMID: 30675423
PMCID: PMC6341015
DOI: 10.1016/j.kisu.2017.07.004

Abstract

In order to change the current state of chronic kidney disease knowledge and therapeutics, a fundamental improvement in the understanding of genetic and environmental causes of chronic kidney disease is essential. This article first provides an overview of the existing knowledge gaps in our understanding of the genetic and environmental causes of chronic kidney disease, as well as their interactions. The second part of the article formulates goals that should be achieved in order to close these gaps, along with suggested timelines and stakeholders that are to be involved. A better understanding of genetic and environmental factors and their interactions that influence kidney function in healthy and diseased conditions can provide novel insights into renal physiology and pathophysiology and result in the identification of novel therapeutic or preventive targets to tackle the global public health care problem of chronic kidney disease.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; environment; genetic kidney disease; genetics; genome-wide association studies.

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Figures

**Figure 1**
**Map of chronic kidney disease hotspots and prevalence**.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Genetic and environmental risk factors for chronic kidney disease

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Genetic and environmental risk factors for chronic kidney disease

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