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. 2019 Sep;27(9):3479-3490.
doi: 10.1007/s00520-019-4650-6. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Prevalence of oral side effects of chemotherapy and its relationship with periodontal risk: a cross sectional study

B García-Chías  1 , E Figuero  2   3 , B Castelo-Fernández  4 , J L Cebrián-Carretero  5 , R Cerero-Lapiedra  1
Affiliations

Prevalence of oral side effects of chemotherapy and its relationship with periodontal risk: a cross sectional study

B García-Chías et al. Support Care Cancer. 2019 Sep.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of professionally reported oral side effects of chemotherapy and the self-reported oral side effects and whether both prevalences could be related to the periodontal risk of the patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment was carried out. Demographic, oral hygiene habits, and cancer-related data were collected while the patient was receiving the chemotherapy infusion. Patient's oral status, measured according to the oral-assessment guide for patients in hospital environments, patient-related outcomes (PROMs), measured by a visual analogue scale, and patient's periodontal risk were analyzed using validated questionnaires. Data was reported in means and standard deviations (SD) in quantitative variables and in counts, prevalence, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in qualitative variables. ANOVA test and chi-squared tests were used to compare oral side effects among different periodontal risk groups.

Results: Three hundred sixty-nine patients were included in the study. The prevalence of professionally reported oral side effects was 86.99% (95% confidence interval CI 83.54%; 90.44%). The prevalence of self-reported oral side effects was 89.70% (95% CI 86.59; 92.82). The most common oral side effects were xerostomia (73.4%), dysgeusia (61.8%), and dry lips (54.2%). More oral alterations were found in patients with worse periodontal risk (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: The prevalence of oral side effects (professional or self-reported) is higher than 85% in patients undergoing chemotherapy. This prevalence increases as the risk of developing periodontal disease does.

Keywords: Chemotherapy; Dysgeusia; Oral side effects; Periodontal risk; Xerostomia.

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