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. 2019 Jan;24(4):1900055.
doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.4.1900055.

Interim estimates of 2018/19 vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, Canada, January 2019

Danuta M Skowronski  1   2 , Siobhan Leir  1 , Suzana Sabaiduc  1 , Michelle Murti  3   4 , James A Dickinson  5 , Romy Olsha  3 , Jonathan B Gubbay  3   4 , Matthew A Croxen  6   7 , Hugues Charest  8 , Tracy Chan  1 , Nathalie Bastien  9 , Yan Li  9 , Mel Krajden  1   2 , Gaston De Serres  10   11   8
Affiliations

Interim estimates of 2018/19 vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, Canada, January 2019

Danuta M Skowronski et al. Euro Surveill. 2019 Jan.

Abstract

Using a test-negative design, the Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network assessed interim 2018/19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against predominant influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. Adjusted VE was 72% (95% confidence interval: 60 to 81) against medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 illness. This substantial vaccine protection was observed in all age groups, notably young children who appeared to be disproportionately affected. Sequence analysis identified heterogeneity in emerging clade 6B.1 viruses but no dominant drift variant.

Keywords: Canada; ILI; epidemiology; genomics; immunisation; influenza; influenza virus; influenza-like illness; laboratory; vaccine effectiveness; vaccine-preventable diseases; vaccines; viral infections.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: GDS has received grants for investigator-initiated studies unrelated to influenza vaccine from Pfizer and provided paid expert testimony for the Ontario Nurses Association, the Quebec Ministry of Justice and GSK. JBG has received research grants from Pfizer Inc. to conduct microbiological surveillance of Streptococcus pneumoniae. MK has received research grants from Roche, Siemens, and Hologic for unrelated studies. Other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Influenza detections among eligible patients presenting with influenza-like illness, by week of specimen collection, Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network, 4 November 2018–12 January 2019 (n = 1,518)a
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of clade 6B.1 variants by province, Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network, 5 November 2018–4 January 2019 (n = 240)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Chambers C, Skowronski DM, Sabaiduc S, Winter AL, Dickinson JA, De Serres G, et al. Interim estimates of 2015/16 vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, Canada, February 2016. Euro Surveill. 2016;21(11):30168. 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.11.30168 - DOI - PubMed
    1. World Health Organization (WHO). WHO recommendations on the composition of influenza virus vaccines Geneva: WHO. [Accessed: 16 Jan 2019]. Available from: https://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/en/

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